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Iron-clad fibers: a metal-based biological strategy for hard flexible coatings.

ABSTRACT: The extensible byssal threads of marine mussels are shielded from abrasion in wave-swept habitats by an outer cuticle that is largely proteinaceous and approximately fivefold harder than the thread core. Threads from several species exhibit granular cuticles containing a protein that is rich in the catecholic amino acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) as well as inorganic ions, notably Fe3+. Granular cuticles exhibit a remarkable combination of high hardness and high extensibility. We explored byssus cuticle chemistry by means of in situ resonance Raman spectroscopy and demonstrated that the cuticle is a polymeric scaffold stabilized by catecholato-iron chelate complexes having an unusual clustered distribution. Consistent with byssal cuticle chemistry and mechanics, we present a model in which dense cross-linking in the granules provides hardness, whereas the less cross-linked matrix provides extensibility.

SUBMITTER: Harrington MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3087814 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Iron-clad fibers: a metal-based biological strategy for hard flexible coatings.

Harrington Matthew J MJ Masic Admir A Holten-Andersen Niels N Waite J Herbert JH Fratzl Peter P

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20100304 5975

The extensible byssal threads of marine mussels are shielded from abrasion in wave-swept habitats by an outer cuticle that is largely proteinaceous and approximately fivefold harder than the thread core. Threads from several species exhibit granular cuticles containing a protein that is rich in the catecholic amino acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) as well as inorganic ions, notably Fe3+. Granular cuticles exhibit a remarkable combination of high hardness and high extensibility. We explored ...[more]

PMID: 20203014

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