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Monoclonal antibodies against accumulation-associated protein affect EPS biosynthesis and enhance bacterial accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

ABSTRACT: Because there is no effective antibiotic to eradicate Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm infections that lead to the failure of medical device implantations, the development of anti-biofilm vaccines is necessary. Biofilm formation by S. epidermidis requires accumulation-associated protein (Aap) that contains sequence repeats known as G5 domains, which are responsible for the Zn(2+)-dependent dimerization of Aap to mediate intercellular adhesion. Antibodies against Aap have been reported to inhibit biofilm accumulation. In the present study, three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the Aap C-terminal single B-repeat construct followed by the 79-aa half repeat (AapBrpt1.5) were generated. MAb(18B6) inhibited biofilm formation by S. epidermidis RP62A to 60% of the maximum, while MAb(25C11) and MAb(20B9) enhanced biofilm accumulation. All three MAbs aggregated the planktonic bacteria to form visible cell clusters. Epitope mapping revealed that the epitope of MAb(18B6), which recognizes an identical area within AapBrpt constructs from S. epidermidis RP62A, was not shared by MAb(25C11) and MAb(20B9). Furthermore, all three MAbs were found to affect both Aap expression and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS, including extracellular DNA and PIA) biosynthesis in S. epidermidis and enhance the cell accumulation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of staphylococcal biofilm formation and will help to develop epitope-peptide vaccines against staphylococcal infections.

SUBMITTER: Hu J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3110253 | biostudies-literature | 2011

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Monoclonal antibodies against accumulation-associated protein affect EPS biosynthesis and enhance bacterial accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Hu Jian J Xu Tao T Zhu Tao T Lou Qiang Q Wang Xueqin X Wu Yang Y Huang Renzheng R Liu Jingran J Liu Huayong H Yu Fangyou F Ding Baixing B Huang Yalin Y Tong Wenyan W Qu Di D

PloS one 20110607 6

Because there is no effective antibiotic to eradicate Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm infections that lead to the failure of medical device implantations, the development of anti-biofilm vaccines is necessary. Biofilm formation by S. epidermidis requires accumulation-associated protein (Aap) that contains sequence repeats known as G5 domains, which are responsible for the Zn(2+)-dependent dimerization of Aap to mediate intercellular adhesion. Antibodies against Aap have been reported to inhib ...[more]

PMID: 21687690

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Project description:Staphylococcus epidermidis is implicated in a multitude of human infections and is one of the major causes of clinical infections in hospitals, especially at surgical sites and on indwelling medical devices, such as orthopedic implants. These infections are especially dangerous because of the S. epidermidis propensity to form biofilms, which increases resistance to antibiotics and the natural immune response. This study investigated pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) as a potential treatment to combat such infections, as PEMF exposure was expected to disrupt the electrostatic forces that adhere staphylococcal cells to surfaces and to one another. To test the effect of PEMF on biofilms, S. epidermidis cultures were exposed to PEMF at various durations either during the growth phase or after a full biofilm had formed. In addition, cells were exposed to PEMF and concomitant antibiotic treatment. Biofilm viability was quantified by both crystal violet and alamarBlue assays and scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that PEMF significantly inhibited biofilm formation and disrupted preformed biofilms in vitro while also showing synergistic biofilm inhibition when combined with antibiotics. These combined results indicate that PEMF should be considered a promising novel technique for treating S. epidermidis biofilm infections and undergo further testing in vivo. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic resistance and biofilm infections are major issues in health care because of the lack of a successful treatment modality and poor patient outcomes. These infections are a particular issue following orthopedic surgery or trauma wherein an infection may form on an orthopedic implant or patient's bone. The presented study demonstrates that pulsed electromagnetic fields may be a promising novel treatment for such infections and can overcome the medical challenges presented by biofilm formation. Furthermore, the effects demonstrated are even greater when combining pulsed electromagnetic field therapy with traditional antibiotics.

Dataset Information

Monoclonal antibodies against accumulation-associated protein affect EPS biosynthesis and enhance bacterial accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Publications

Monoclonal antibodies against accumulation-associated protein affect EPS biosynthesis and enhance bacterial accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Similar Datasets

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