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Antibody against recombinant heat labile enterotoxin B subunit (rLTB) could block LT binding to ganglioside M1 receptor.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the most common agents of diarrhea among other bacterial agents. Designing and producing vaccine against these bacteria is one of the major purposes of World Health Organization (WHO). Due to presence of diverse clones of ETEC strains in the world, the use of global vaccines for ETEC infection is controversial. B subunit of heat labile toxin (LTB) was introduced as a vaccine candidate molecule by several investigators. The expression of LTB gene isolated from a local bacterial strain and investigation of its immunological property was the objective of this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS:LTB gene was isolated from a local isolated ETEC, cloned and expressed using pET28a expression vector. For LTB gene expression, the three main expression parameters (IPTG concentration, time and temperature of induction) were investigated. The recombinant protein was purified (>95%) with Ni-NTA column using 6XHis-tag and used as an antigen in ELISA test. RESULTS:The immunological analyses showed production of high titer of specific antibody in immunized mice. Anti LTB Antibody could bind to whole toxin and neutralize the toxin through inhibition of its binding to the Ganglioside M1 receptor. CONCLUSION:The recombinant LTB protein is a highly immunogenic molecule. Considering the LTB role in ETEC pathogenesis, it can be taken into account as one of the most important components of vaccines against local ETEC.

SUBMITTER: Salimian J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3279785 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antibody against recombinant heat labile enterotoxin B subunit (rLTB) could block LT binding to ganglioside M1 receptor.

Salimian J J Salmanian Ah A Khalesi R R Mohseni M M Moazzeni Sm S

Iranian journal of microbiology 20100901 3

<h4>Objectives</h4>Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the most common agents of diarrhea among other bacterial agents. Designing and producing vaccine against these bacteria is one of the major purposes of World Health Organization (WHO). Due to presence of diverse clones of ETEC strains in the world, the use of global vaccines for ETEC infection is controversial. B subunit of heat labile toxin (LTB) was introduced as a vaccine candidate molecule by several investigators. The expr ...[more]

PMID: 22347560

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Project description:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains producing heat-labile toxin (LT) and/or heat-stable toxin (STa) are a top cause of children's diarrhea and travelers' diarrhea. Holotoxin-structured GM1-binding LT is a strong immunogen and an effective adjuvant, and can serve a carrier or a platform for multivalent vaccine development. However, the significance of peptide domains or epitopes of LT particularly enzymatic LTA subunit in association with LT enterotoxicity and immunogenicity has not been characterized. In this study, we identified B-cell epitopes in silico from LTA subunit and examined epitopes for immunogenicity and association with LT enterotoxicity. Epitopes identified from LTA subunit were individually fused to a modified chicken ovalbumin carrier protein, and each epitope-ovalbumin fusion was used to immunize mice. Data showed all 11 LTA epitopes were immunogenic; epitope 7 (105SPHPYEQEVSA115) induced greater titers of anti-LT antibodies which neutralized LT enterotoxicity more effectively. To examine these epitopes for the significance in LT enterotoxicity, we constructed LT mutants by substituting each of 10 epitopes at the toxic A1 domain of LTA subunit with a foreign epitope and examined LT mutants for enterotoxicity and GM1-binding activity. Data showed that LT mutants exhibited no enterotoxicity but retained GM1-binding activity. The results from this study indicated that while not all immunodominant LTA epitopes were neutralizing, LT mutants with an individual epitope substituted lost enterotoxicity but retained GM1-binding activity. These results provided additional information to understand LT immunogenicity and enterotoxicity and suggested the potential application of LT platform for multivalent vaccines against ETEC diarrhea and other diseases.IMPORTANCE No vaccine is licensed for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains, which remain a leading cause of diarrhea in children from developing countries and international travelers. GM1-binding heat-labile toxin (LT) which is a key virulence factor of ETEC diarrhea is a strong vaccine antigen and a self-adjuvant. LT can also serve a backbone or platform for MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen), a newly developed structural vaccinology technology, to present heterogeneous epitopes (by replacing LT epitopes) and to mimic epitope antigenicity for development of broadly protective vaccines. Data from this study identified neutralizing LT epitopes and demonstrated that substitution of LT epitopes eliminated LT enterotoxicity without altering GM1-binding activity, suggesting LT is potentially a versatile MEFA platform to present heterogeneous epitopes for multivalent vaccines against ETEC and other pathogens.

Project description:IntroductionEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common cause of infectious diarrhoea and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children living in resource-limited settings. It is also the leading cause of travellers' diarrhoea among civilian and military travellers. Its dual importance in global public health and travel medicine highlights the need for an effective vaccine. ETEC express colonization factors (CFs) that mediate adherence to the small intestine. An epidemiologically prevalent CF is coli surface antigen 6 (CS6). We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a CS6-targeted candidate vaccine, CssBA, co-administered intramuscularly with the double-mutant heat-labile enterotoxin, dmLT [LT(R192G/L211A)].MethodsThis was an open-label trial. Fifty subjects received three intramuscular injections (Days 1, 22 and 43) of CssBA alone (5 µg), dmLT alone (0.1 µg) or CssBA (5, 15, 45 µg) + dmLT (0.1 and 0.5 µg). Subjects were actively monitored for adverse events for 28 days following the third vaccination. Antibody responses (IgG and IgA) were characterized in the serum and from lymphocyte supernatants (ALS) to CS6 and the native ETEC heat labile enterotoxin, LT.ResultsAcross all dose cohorts, the vaccine was safe and well-tolerated with no vaccine-related severe or serious adverse events. Among vaccine-related adverse events, a majority (98%) were mild with 79% being short-lived vaccine site reactions. Robust antibody responses were induced in a dose-dependent manner with a clear dmLT adjuvant effect. Response rates in subjects receiving 45 µg CssBA and 0.5 µg dmLT ranged from 50 to 100% across assays.ConclusionThis is the first study to demonstrate the safety and immunogenicity of CssBA and/or dmLT administered intramuscularly. Co-administration of the two components induced robust immune responses to CS6 and LT, paving the way for future studies to evaluate the efficacy of this vaccine target and development of a multivalent, subunit ETEC vaccine.

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Antibody against recombinant heat labile enterotoxin B subunit (rLTB) could block LT binding to ganglioside M1 receptor.

Publications

Antibody against recombinant heat labile enterotoxin B subunit (rLTB) could block LT binding to ganglioside M1 receptor.

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