Dataset Information

Regulation of APC/CCdc20 activity by RASSF1A-APC/CCdc20 circuitry.

ABSTRACT: RASSF1A is a key tumor-suppressor gene that is often inactivated in a wide variety of solid tumors. Studies have illustrated that RASSF1A plays vital roles in the regulation of cell-cycle progression and functions as a guardian of mitosis. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism of RASSF1A-dependent regulation of mitosis remains largely unclear. APC/C(Cdc20) is the master switch and regulator of mitosis. The activity of APC/C(Cdc20) is tightly controlled by phosphorylation and specific inhibitors to ensure the sequential ubiquitination of downstream targets. Here, we report on the novel finding of a regulated circuitry that controls the timely expression and hence activity of APC/C(Cdc20) during mitosis. Our study showed that RASSF1A and APC/C(Cdc20) form a molecular relay that regulates the APC/C(Cdc20) activity at early mitosis. We found that RASSF1A inhibits APC/C(Cdc20) function through its D-box motifs. Paradoxically, RASSF1A was also demonstrated to be ubiquitinated by APC/C(Cdc20) in vitro and degraded at prometaphase despite of active spindle checkpoint presence. The first two unique D-boxes at the N-terminal of RASSF1A served as specific degron recognized by APC/C(Cdc20). Importantly, we found that Aurora A and Aurora B directly phosphorylate RASSF1A, a critical step by which RASSF1A switches from being an inhibitor to a substrate of APC/C(Cdc20) during the course of mitotic progression. As a result of RASSF1A degradation, APC/C(Cdc20) can then partially activate the ubiquitination of Cyclin A in the presence of spindle checkpoint. This circuitry is essential for the timely degradation of Cyclin A. To conclude, our results propose a new model for RASSF1A-APC/C(Cdc20) interaction in ensuring the sequential progression of mitosis.

SUBMITTER: Chow C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3325600 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Regulation of APC/CCdc20 activity by RASSF1A-APC/CCdc20 circuitry.

Chow C C Wong N N Pagano M M Lun S W-M SW Nakayama K-I KI Nakayama K K Lo K-W KW

Oncogene 20110829 15

RASSF1A is a key tumor-suppressor gene that is often inactivated in a wide variety of solid tumors. Studies have illustrated that RASSF1A plays vital roles in the regulation of cell-cycle progression and functions as a guardian of mitosis. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism of RASSF1A-dependent regulation of mitosis remains largely unclear. APC/C(Cdc20) is the master switch and regulator of mitosis. The activity of APC/C(Cdc20) is tightly controlled by phosphorylation and specific inhibitors to ...[more]

PMID: 21874044

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Project description:BackgroundRASSF1A gene silencing by DNA methylation has been suggested as a major event in pancreatic endocrine tumor (PET) but RASSF1A expression has never been studied. The RASSF1 locus contains two CpG islands (A and C) and generates seven transcripts (RASSF1A-RASSF1G) by differential promoter usage and alternative splicing.MethodsWe studied 20 primary PETs, their matched normal pancreas and three PET cell lines for the (i) methylation status of the RASSF1 CpG islands using methylation-specific PCR and pyrosequencing and (ii) expression of RASSF1 isoforms by quantitative RT-PCR in 13 cases. CpG island A methylation was evaluated by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP); pyrosequencing was applied to quantify the methylation of 51 CpGs also encompassing those explored by MSP and qMSP approaches.ResultsMSP detected methylation in 16/20 (80%) PETs and 13/20 (65%) normal pancreas. At qMSP, 11/20 PETs (55%) and 9/20 (45%) normals were methylated in at least 20% of RASSF1A alleles.Pyrosequencing showed variable distribution and levels of methylation within and among samples, with PETs having average methylation higher than normals in 15/20 (75%) cases (P = 0.01). The evaluation of mRNA expression of RASSF1 variants showed that: i) RASSF1A was always expressed in PET and normal tissues, but it was, on average, expressed 6.8 times less in PET (P = 0.003); ii) RASSF1A methylation inversely correlated with its expression; iii) RASSF1 isoforms were rarely found, except for RASSF1B that was always expressed and RASSF1C whose expression was 11.4 times higher in PET than in normal tissue (P = 0.001). A correlation between RASSF1A expression and gene methylation was found in two of the three PET cell lines, which also showed a significant increase in RASSF1A expression upon demethylating treatment.ConclusionsRASSF1A gene methylation in PET is higher than normal pancreas in no more than 75% of cases and as such it cannot be considered a marker for this neoplasm. RASSF1A is always expressed in PET and normal pancreas and its levels are inversely correlated with gene methylation. Isoform RASSF1C is overexpressed in PET and the recent demonstration of its involvement in the regulation of the Wnt pathway points to a potential pathogenetic role in tumor development.

Dataset Information

Regulation of APC/CCdc20 activity by RASSF1A-APC/CCdc20 circuitry.

Publications

Regulation of APC/CCdc20 activity by RASSF1A-APC/CCdc20 circuitry.

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