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Tanycytes of the hypothalamic median eminence form a diet-responsive neurogenic niche.

ABSTRACT: Adult hypothalamic neurogenesis has recently been reported, but the cell of origin and the function of these newborn neurons are unknown. Using genetic fate mapping, we found that median eminence tanycytes generate newborn neurons. Blocking this neurogenesis altered the weight and metabolic activity of adult mice. These findings reveal a previously unreported neurogenic niche in the mammalian hypothalamus with important implications for metabolism.

SUBMITTER: Lee DA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3380241 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Tanycytes of the hypothalamic median eminence form a diet-responsive neurogenic niche.

Lee Daniel A DA Bedont Joseph L JL Pak Thomas T Wang Hong H Song Juan J Miranda-Angulo Ana A Takiar Vani V Charubhumi Vanessa V Balordi Francesca F Takebayashi Hirohide H Aja Susan S Ford Eric E Fishell Gordon G Blackshaw Seth S

Nature neuroscience 20120325 5

Adult hypothalamic neurogenesis has recently been reported, but the cell of origin and the function of these newborn neurons are unknown. Using genetic fate mapping, we found that median eminence tanycytes generate newborn neurons. Blocking this neurogenesis altered the weight and metabolic activity of adult mice. These findings reveal a previously unreported neurogenic niche in the mammalian hypothalamus with important implications for metabolism. ...[more]

PMID: 22446882

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Control of neurogenic competence in mammalian hypothalamic tanycytes.

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Control of neurogenic competence in mammalian hypothalamic tanycytes [ATAC-seq]

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Control of neurogenic competence in mammalian hypothalamic tanycytes

Project description:Control of neurogenic competence in mammalian hypothalamic tanycytes

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Median eminence myelin continuously turns over in adult mice.

Project description:ObjectiveOligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation is regulated by nutritional signals in the adult median eminence (ME), but the consequences on local myelination are unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize myelin plasticity in the ME of adult mice in health or in response to chronic nutritional challenge and determine its relevance to the regulation of energy balance.MethodsWe assessed new oligodendrocyte (OL) and myelin generation and stability in the ME of healthy adult male mice using bromodeoxyuridine labelling and genetic fate mapping tools. We evaluated the contribution of microglia to ME myelin plasticity in PLX5622-treated C57BL/6J mice and in Pdgfra-Cre/ERT2;R26R-eYFP;Myrffl/fl mice, where adult oligodendrogenesis is blunted. Next, we investigated how high-fat feeding or caloric restriction impact ME OL lineage progression and myelination. Finally, we characterized the functional relevance of adult oligodendrogenesis on energy balance regulation.ResultsWe show that myelinating OLs are continuously and rapidly generated in the adult ME. Paradoxically, OL number and myelin amounts remain remarkably stable in the adult ME. In fact, the high rate of new OL and myelin generation in the ME is offset by continuous turnover of both. We show that microglia are required for continuous OL and myelin production, and that ME myelin plasticity regulates the recruitment of local immune cells. Finally, we provide evidence that ME myelination is regulated by the body's energetic status and demonstrate that ME OL and myelin plasticity are required for the regulation of energy balance and hypothalamic leptin sensitivity.ConclusionsThis study identifies a new mechanism modulating leptin sensitivity and the central control of energy balance and uncovers a previously unappreciated form of structural plasticity in the ME.

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