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Promoter methylation of candidate genes associated with familial testicular cancer.

ABSTRACT: Recent genomic studies have identified risk SNPs in or near eight genes associated with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). Mouse models suggest a role for Dnd1 epigenetics in TGCT susceptibility, and we have recently reported that transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic events may be associated with familial TGCT risk. We now investigate whether aberrant promoter methylation of selected candidate genes is associated with familial TGCT risk. Pyrosequencing assays were designed to evaluate CpG methylation in the promoters of selected genes in peripheral blood DNA from 153 TGCT affecteds and 116 healthy male relatives from 101 multiple-case families. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and logistic regression models were used to investigate associations between promoter methylation and TGCT. We also quantified gene product expression of these genes, using quantitative PCR. We observed increased PDE11A, SPRY4 and BAK1 promoter methylation, and decreased KITLG promoter methylation, in familial TGCT cases versus healthy male family controls. A significant upward risk trend was observed for PDE11A when comparing the middle and highest tertiles of methylation to the lowest [odds ratio (OR) =1.55, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.82-2.93, and 1.94, 95% CI 1.03-3.66], respectively; P(trend)=0.042). A significant inverse association was observed for KITLG when comparing the middle and lowest tertiles to the highest (OR=2.15, 95% CI 1.12-4.11, and 2.15, 95% CI 1.12-4.14, respectively; P(trend)=0.031). There was a weak inverse correlation between promoter methylation and KITLG expression. Our results suggest that familial TGCT susceptibility may be associated with promoter methylation of previously-identified TGCT risk-modifying genes. Larger studies are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Mirabello L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3459216 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Promoter methylation of candidate genes associated with familial testicular cancer.

Mirabello Lisa L Kratz Christian P CP Savage Sharon A SA Greene Mark H MH

International journal of molecular epidemiology and genetics 20120831 3

Recent genomic studies have identified risk SNPs in or near eight genes associated with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). Mouse models suggest a role for Dnd1 epigenetics in TGCT susceptibility, and we have recently reported that transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic events may be associated with familial TGCT risk. We now investigate whether aberrant promoter methylation of selected candidate genes is associated with familial TGCT risk. Pyrosequencing assays were designed to evaluate Cp ...[more]

PMID: 23050052

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Project description:Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are sometimes inactivated by transcriptional silencing through promoter hypermethylation. To identify novel methylated TSGs in melanoma, we carried out global mRNA expression proﬁling on a panel of 12 melanoma cell lines treated with a combination of 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (5AzadC) and an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, Trichostatin A. Reactivation of gene expression after drug treatment was assessed using Illumina whole-genome microarrays. After qRT-PCR conﬁrmation, we followed up 8 genes (AKAP12, ARHGEF16, ARHGAP27, ENC1, PPP1R3C, PPP1R14C, RARRES1, and TP53INP1) by quantitative DNA methylation analysis using mass spectrometry of base-speciﬁc cleaved ampliﬁcation products in panels of melanoma cell lines and fresh tumors. PPP1R3C, ENC1, RARRES1, and TP53INP1, showed reduced mRNA expression in 35–59% of the melanoma cell lines compared to melanocytes and which was correlated with a high proportion of promoter methylation (>40–60%). The same genes also showed extensive promoter methylation in 6–25% of the tumor samples, thus conﬁrming them as novel candidate TSGs in melanoma. We sought to identify melanoma TSGs silenced by promoter methylation by carrying out an array-based analysis in a well-annotated panel of 12 cell lines after combined treatment with 5AzadC and an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, Trichostatin A (TSA). Expression profiles were generated for each cell line before and after drug treatment using Illumina Sentrix Human-6 Expression version 2 BeadChips. Genes reactivated in all 12 cell lines were removed from further analysis since they are likely responding to drug treatment as part of the ‘‘cellular stress response,’’ or due to promoter demethylation of genes normally silenced in the melanocytic lineage. Genes were further ﬁltered to identify those with an average of >4-fold increased expression in at least four samples in the panel of 12 lines and >10-fold increase in at least one of the cell lines.

Dataset Information

Promoter methylation of candidate genes associated with familial testicular cancer.

Publications

Promoter methylation of candidate genes associated with familial testicular cancer.

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