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Residential proximity to nearest major roadway and cognitive function in community-dwelling seniors: results from the MOBILIZE Boston Study.

ABSTRACT: To evaluate the association between residential distance to nearest major roadway, as a marker of long-term exposure to traffic pollution, and cognitive function in older adults.Prospective cohort study with median follow-up of 16.8 months.Community.Seven hundred sixty-five community-dwelling seniors.The Mini-Mental State Examination, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R), Trail Making Test (TMT), category and letter fluency tests, and Clock-in-the-Box Test were administered during home visits on two occasions. The residential distance to the nearest major roadway was calculated, and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between performance on each test and residential distance to nearest major roadway, adjusting for participant demographics, education, socioeconomic status, and past medical history.Shorter distance to major roadway was associated with statistically significantly poorer performance on the immediate and delayed recall components of the HVLT-R, TMT Part B, TMT delta, and letter and category fluency tests. Generally, participants residing less than 100 m from a major roadway performed worst. Performance improved monotonically with increasing distance.In this cohort of community-dwelling older adults, residential proximity to a major roadway was associated with poorer performance on cognitive tests of verbal learning and memory, psychomotor speed, language, and executive functioning. If causal, these results add to the growing evidence that living near major roadways is associated with adverse health outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Wellenius GA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3498530 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Residential proximity to nearest major roadway and cognitive function in community-dwelling seniors: results from the MOBILIZE Boston Study.

Wellenius Gregory A GA Boyle Luke D LD Coull Brent A BA Milberg William P WP Gryparis Alexandros A Schwartz Joel J Mittleman Murray A MA Lipsitz Lewis A LA

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 20121105 11

<h4>Objectives</h4>To evaluate the association between residential distance to nearest major roadway, as a marker of long-term exposure to traffic pollution, and cognitive function in older adults.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective cohort study with median follow-up of 16.8 months.<h4>Setting</h4>Community.<h4>Participants</h4>Seven hundred sixty-five community-dwelling seniors.<h4>Measurements</h4>The Mini-Mental State Examination, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R), Trail Making Test (TMT), ...[more]

PMID: 23126566

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Project description:BackgroundEpigenetic variability is hypothesized as a regulatory pathway through which prenatal exposures may influence child development and health.ObjectiveWe sought to examine the associations of residential proximity to roadways at birth and epigenome-wide DNA methylation. We also assessed associations of differential methylation with child cognitive outcomes.MethodsWe estimated residential proximity to roadways at birth using a geographic information system (GIS) and cord blood methylation using Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array in 482 mother-child pairs in Project Viva. We identified individual CpGs associated with residential-proximity-to-roadways at birth using robust linear regression [[Formula: see text]]. We also estimated association between proximity-to-roadways at birth and methylation of the same sites in blood samples collected at age 7-11 y ([Formula: see text]). We ran the same analyses in the Generation R Study for replication ([Formula: see text]). In Project Viva, we investigated associations of differential methylation at birth with midchildhood cognition using linear regression.ResultsLiving closer to major roadways at birth was associated with higher cord blood (and-more weakly-midchildhood blood) methylation of four sites in LAMB2. For each halving of residential-proximity-to-major-roadways, we observed a 0.82% increase in DNA methylation at cg05654765 [95% confidence interval (CI): (0.54%, 1.10%)], 0.88% at cg14099457 [95% CI: (0.56%, 1.19%)], 0.19% at cg03732535 [95% CI: (0.11%, 0.28)], and 1.08% at cg02954987 [95% CI: (0.65%, 1.51%)]. Higher cord blood methylation of these sites was associated with lower midchildhood nonverbal cognitive scores. Our results did not replicate in the Generation R Study.ConclusionsOur discovery results must be interpreted with caution, given that they were not replicated in a separate cohort. However, living close to major roadways at birth was associated with cord blood methylation of sites in LAMB2-a gene known to be linked to axonal development-in our U.S. cohort. Higher methylation of these sites associated with lower nonverbal cognitive scores at age 7-11 y in the same children. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2034.

Dataset Information

Residential proximity to nearest major roadway and cognitive function in community-dwelling seniors: results from the MOBILIZE Boston Study.

Publications

Residential proximity to nearest major roadway and cognitive function in community-dwelling seniors: results from the MOBILIZE Boston Study.

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