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Maternal residential proximity to major roadways, birth weight, and placental DNA methylation.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Exposure to traffic pollution during fetal development has been associated with reduced fetal growth, and there is evidence to suggest that epigenetic mechanisms in the placenta in the form of variant DNA methylation may be a potential mechanism underlying this effect. OBJECTIVES:To examine the association between residential proximity to nearest major roadway, as a marker of traffic-related pollution, fetal growth and placental DNA methylation. METHODS:We obtained residential addresses, placenta samples, and demographic data from 471 women following delivery of term infants. Using generalized linear models we evaluated the association between living close to a major roadway (defined as living ?150m from a primary highway or primary road or ?50m from a secondary road) and fetal growth and DNA methylation of repetitive elements (LINE-1 and AluYb8). We evaluated epigenome-wide methylation in a subset of 215 women to further investigate specific variation in DNA methylation associated with proximity to major roadways. RESULTS:Living close to a major roadway was associated with a 175.9g (95% CI: -319.4, -32.5; p=0.016) lower birth weight, 1.8 (95% CI: 0.9, 3.8; p=0.09) times the odds of being small for gestational age, and 0.82 percentage points (95% CI: -1.57, -0.07; p=0.03) lower mean placental LINE-1 methylation levels in fully adjusted models. In epigenome-wide analyses, 7 CpG sites were significantly associated with residential proximity to major roadways. Additional adjustment for placental methylation did not attenuate the association between roadway proximity and birth weight. CONCLUSIONS:Living close to major roadways was associated with both lower fetal growth and significant placental epigenetic changes. However, the observed epigenetic changes appear insufficient to explain the observed association between roadway proximity and fetal growth.

SUBMITTER: Kingsley SL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4913202 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul-Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maternal residential proximity to major roadways, birth weight, and placental DNA methylation.

Kingsley Samantha L SL Eliot Melissa N MN Whitsel Eric A EA Huang Yen-Tsung YT Kelsey Karl T KT Marsit Carmen J CJ Wellenius Gregory A GA

Environment international 20160405

<h4>Background</h4>Exposure to traffic pollution during fetal development has been associated with reduced fetal growth, and there is evidence to suggest that epigenetic mechanisms in the placenta in the form of variant DNA methylation may be a potential mechanism underlying this effect.<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine the association between residential proximity to nearest major roadway, as a marker of traffic-related pollution, fetal growth and placental DNA methylation.<h4>Methods</h4>We obtain ...[more]

PMID: 27058926

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Project description:BackgroundEpigenetic variability is hypothesized as a regulatory pathway through which prenatal exposures may influence child development and health.ObjectiveWe sought to examine the associations of residential proximity to roadways at birth and epigenome-wide DNA methylation. We also assessed associations of differential methylation with child cognitive outcomes.MethodsWe estimated residential proximity to roadways at birth using a geographic information system (GIS) and cord blood methylation using Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array in 482 mother-child pairs in Project Viva. We identified individual CpGs associated with residential-proximity-to-roadways at birth using robust linear regression [[Formula: see text]]. We also estimated association between proximity-to-roadways at birth and methylation of the same sites in blood samples collected at age 7-11 y ([Formula: see text]). We ran the same analyses in the Generation R Study for replication ([Formula: see text]). In Project Viva, we investigated associations of differential methylation at birth with midchildhood cognition using linear regression.ResultsLiving closer to major roadways at birth was associated with higher cord blood (and-more weakly-midchildhood blood) methylation of four sites in LAMB2. For each halving of residential-proximity-to-major-roadways, we observed a 0.82% increase in DNA methylation at cg05654765 [95% confidence interval (CI): (0.54%, 1.10%)], 0.88% at cg14099457 [95% CI: (0.56%, 1.19%)], 0.19% at cg03732535 [95% CI: (0.11%, 0.28)], and 1.08% at cg02954987 [95% CI: (0.65%, 1.51%)]. Higher cord blood methylation of these sites was associated with lower midchildhood nonverbal cognitive scores. Our results did not replicate in the Generation R Study.ConclusionsOur discovery results must be interpreted with caution, given that they were not replicated in a separate cohort. However, living close to major roadways at birth was associated with cord blood methylation of sites in LAMB2-a gene known to be linked to axonal development-in our U.S. cohort. Higher methylation of these sites associated with lower nonverbal cognitive scores at age 7-11 y in the same children. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2034.

Dataset Information

Maternal residential proximity to major roadways, birth weight, and placental DNA methylation.

Publications

Maternal residential proximity to major roadways, birth weight, and placental DNA methylation.

Similar Datasets

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