Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

A Three-Stage Mechanistic Model for Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation by Shvo's Catalyst.

ABSTRACT: We propose a mechanistic model for three-stage dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) catalyzed by Shvo's cyclopentadienone-ligated ruthenium complex. We provide evidence for a plausible mechanism for catalyst deactivation, the transition from fast catalysis to slow catalysis, and relate those findings to the invention of a second-generation catalyst that does not suffer from the same deactivation chemistry.The primary mechanism of catalyst deactivation is borazine-mediated hydroboration of the ruthenium species that is the active oxidant in the fast catalysis case. This transition is characterized by a change in the rate law for the reaction and changes in the apparent resting state of the catalyst. Also, in this slow catalysis situation, we see an additional intermediate in the sequence of boron, nitrogen species, aminodiborane. This occurs with concurrent generation of NH(3), which itself does not strongly affect the rate of AB dehydrogenation.

SUBMITTER: Lu Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3546831 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

A Three-Stage Mechanistic Model for Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation by Shvo's Catalyst.

Lu Zhiyao Z Conley Brian L BL Williams Travis J TJ

Organometallics 20120830 19

We propose a mechanistic model for three-stage dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) catalyzed by Shvo's cyclopentadienone-ligated ruthenium complex. We provide evidence for a plausible mechanism for catalyst deactivation, the transition from fast catalysis to slow catalysis, and relate those findings to the invention of a second-generation catalyst that does not suffer from the same deactivation chemistry.The primary mechanism of catalyst deactivation is borazine-mediated hydroboration of the ...[more]

PMID: 23335832

Similar Datasets

A robust, air-stable, reusable ruthenium catalyst for dehydrogenation of ammonia borane.

Project description:We describe an efficient homogeneous ruthenium catalyst for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB). This catalyst liberates more than 2 equiv of H(2) and up to 4.6 system wt % H(2) from concentrated AB suspensions under air. Importantly, this catalyst is robust, delivering several cycles of dehydrogenation at high [AB] without loss of catalytic activity, even with exposure to air and water.

| S-EPMC3168700 | biostudies-literature

Efficient Organocatalytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane.

Project description:Dehydrogenation of ammonia borane by sterically encumbered pyridones as organocatalysts is reported. With 6-tert-butyl-2-thiopyridone as the catalyst, a turnover frequency (TOF) of 88 h-1 was achieved. Experimental mechanistic investigations, substantiated by DLPNO-CCSD(T) computations, indicate a mechanistic scenario that commences with the protonation of a B-H bond by the mercaptopyridine form of the catalyst. The reactive intermediate formed by this initial protonation was observed by NMR spectroscopy and the molecular structure of a surrogate determined by SCXRD. An intramolecular proton transfer in this intermediate from the NH3 group to the pyridine ring with concomitant breaking of the S-B bond regenerates the thiopyridone and closes the catalytic cycle. This step can be described as an inorganic retro-ene reaction.

| S-EPMC7003781 | biostudies-literature

Ruthenium nanoparticles confined in SBA-15 as highly efficient catalyst for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane and hydrazine borane.

Project description:Ultrafine ruthenium nanoparticles (NPs) within the mesopores of the SBA-15 have been successfully prepared by using a "double solvents" method, in which n-hexane is used as a hydrophobic solvent and RuCl3 aqueous solution is used as a hydrophilic solvent. After the impregnation and reduction processes, the samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, EDX, XPS, N2 adsorption-desorption, and ICP techniques. The TEM images show that small sized Ru NPs with an average size of 3.0 ± 0.8 nm are uniformly dispersed in the mesopores of SBA-15. The as-synthesized Ru@SBA-15 nanocomposites (NCs) display exceptional catalytic activity for hydrogen generation by the hydrolysis of ammonia borane (NH3BH3, AB) and hydrazine borane (N2H4BH3, HB) at room temperature with the turnover frequency (TOF) value of 316 and 706 mol H2 (mol Ru min)(-1), respectively, relatively high values reported so far for the same reaction. The activation energies (Ea) for the hydrolysis of AB and HB catalyzed by Ru@SBA-15 NCs are measured to be 34.8 ± 2 and 41.3 ± 2 kJ mol(-1), respectively. Moreover, Ru@SBA-15 NCs also show satisfied durable stability for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB and HB, respectively.

| S-EPMC4607937 | biostudies-literature

Porous Materials for Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane.

Project description:Hydrogen storage is still one of the most significant issues hindering the development of a "hydrogen energy economy". Ammonia borane is notable for its high hydrogen densities. For the material, one of the main challenges is to release efficiently the maximum amount of the stored hydrogen. Hydrolysis reaction is a promising process by which hydrogen can be easily generated from this compound. High purity hydrogen from this compound can be evolved in the presence of solid acid or metal based catalyst. The reaction performance depends on the morphology and/or structure of these materials. In this review, we survey the research on nanostructured materials, especially porous materials for hydrogen generation from hydrolysis of ammonia borane.

| S-EPMC5455654 | biostudies-other

Molybdenum catalyzed ammonia borane dehydrogenation: oxidation state specific mechanisms.

Project description:Though numerous catalysts for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) are known, those that release >2 equiv of H2 are uncommon. Herein, we report the synthesis of Mo complexes supported by a para-terphenyl diphosphine ligand, 1, displaying metal-arene interactions. Both a Mo(0) N2 complex, 5, and a Mo(II) bis(acetonitrile) complex, 4, exhibit high levels of AB dehydrogenation, releasing over 2.0 equiv of H2. The reaction rate, extent of dehydrogenation, and reaction mechanism vary as a function of the precatalyst oxidation state. Several Mo hydrides (Mo(II)(H)2, [Mo(II)(H)](+), and [Mo(IV)(H)3](+)) relevant to AB chemistry were characterized.

| S-EPMC4140452 | biostudies-literature

Dehydrogenation of ammonia borane through the third equivalent of hydrogen.

Project description:Ammonia borane (AB) has high hydrogen density (19.6 wt%), and can, in principle, release up to 3 equivalents of H2 under mild catalytic conditions. A limited number of catalysts are capable of non-hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB beyond 2 equivalents of H2 under mild conditions, but none of these is shown directly to derivatise borazine, the product formed after 2 equivalents of H2 are released. We present here a high productivity ruthenium-based catalyst for non-hydrolytic AB dehydrogenation that is capable of borazine dehydrogenation, and thus exhibits among the highest H2 productivity reported to date for anhydrous AB dehydrogenation. At 1 mol% loading, (phen)Ru(OAc)2(CO)2 () effects AB dehydrogenation through 2.7 equivalents of H2 at 70 °C, is robust through multiple charges of AB, and is water and air stable. We further demonstrate that catalyst has the ability both to dehydrogenate borazine in isolation and dehydrogenate AB itself. This is important, both because borazine derivatisation is productivity-limiting in AB dehydrogenation and because borazine is a fuel cell poison that is commonly released in H2 production from this medium.

| S-EPMC4856539 | biostudies-literature

SE2 reaction in noncarbon system: Metal-halide catalysis for dehydrogenation of ammonia borane.

Project description:An electrophilic substitution (SE) reaction of BN isosteres has been investigated for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) by metal chlorides (MCl2) using various ab initio calculations. In contrast to the typical SE reaction occurring at the carbon atom, the nitrogen atom in AB serves as the reaction center for the SE reaction with the boron moiety as the leaving group when the MCl2 approaches the AB. The SE2 backside reaction is favored as a trigger step for the dehydrogenation of AB by the MCl2 The SE2 reaction is found for 3d-transition-metal chlorides (e.g., FeCl2, CoCl2, NiCl2, CuCl2, and ZnCl2), while PdCl2 leads to the dehydrogenation of AB by a direct B-H ?-bond activation, similar to most organometallic catalysts. Interestingly, the polymerization of AB promoted by MCl2 can be explained with the similar SE2 mechanism, and the dehydrogenation of the BN derivative 3-methyl-1,2-BN-cyclopentane (CBN) bearing a carbon backbone ring also follows the SE2 reaction. In particular, the experimental observation that the use of metal-chloride catalysis decreases the by-products obtained during the hydrogenation of AB can be explained by our mechanism involving the SE2 reaction. This work is helpful for the development of novel metal-halide catalysts for practical hydrogen storage materials, including the BN moiety.

| S-EPMC5748185 | biostudies-literature

Probing the second dehydrogenation step in ammonia-borane dehydrocoupling: characterization and reactivity of the key intermediate, B-(cyclotriborazanyl)amine-borane.

Project description:While thermolysis of ammonia-borane (AB) affords a mixture of aminoborane- and iminoborane oligomers, the most selective metal-based catalysts afford exclusively cyclic iminoborane trimer (borazine) and its B-N cross-linked oligomers (polyborazylene). This catalysed dehydrogenation sequence proceeds through a branched cyclic aminoborane oligomer assigned previously as trimeric B-(cyclodiborazanyl)amine-borane (BCDB). Herein we utilize multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography to show instead that this key intermediate is actually tetrameric B-(cyclotriborazanyl)amine-borane (BCTB) and a method is presented for its selective synthesis from AB. The reactivity of BCTB upon thermal treatment as well as catalytic dehydrogenation is studied and discussed with regard to facilitating the second dehydrogenation step in AB dehydrocoupling.

| S-EPMC5491959 | biostudies-literature

Ammonia-Borane Dehydrogenation Catalyzed by Dual-Mode Proton-Responsive Ir-CNN<sup>H</sup> Complexes.

Project description:Metal complexes incorporating proton-responsive ligands have been proved to be superior catalysts in reactions involving the H2 molecule. In this contribution, a series of IrIII complexes based on lutidine-derived CNNH pincers containing N-heterocyclic carbene and secondary amino NHR [R = Ph (4a), tBu (4b), benzyl (4c)] donors as flanking groups have been synthesized and tested in the dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane (NH3BH3, AB) in the presence of substoichiometric amounts (2.5 equiv) of tBuOK. These preactivated derivatives are efficient catalysts in AB dehydrogenation in THF at room temperature, albeit significantly different reaction rates were observed. Thus, by using 0.4 mol % of 4a, 1.0 equiv of H2 per mole of AB was released in 8.5 min (turnover frequency (TOF50%) = 1875 h-1), while complexes 4b and 4c (0.8 mol %) exhibited lower catalytic activities (TOF50% = 55-60 h-1). 4a is currently the best performing IrIII homogeneous catalyst for AB dehydrogenation. Kinetic rate measurements show a zero-order dependence with respect to AB, and first order with the catalyst in the dehydrogenation with 4a (-d[AB]/dt = k[4a]). Conversely, the reaction with 4b is second order in AB and first order in the catalyst (-d[AB]/dt = k[4b][AB]2). Moreover, the reactions of the derivatives 4a and 4b with an excess of tBuOK (2.5 equiv) have been analyzed through NMR spectroscopy. For the former precursor, formation of the iridate 5 was observed as a result of a double deprotonation at the amine and the NHC pincer arm. In marked contrast, in the case of 4b, a monodeprotonated (at the pincer NHC-arm) species 6 is observed upon reaction with tBuOK. Complex 6 is capable of activating H2 reversibly to yield the trihydride derivative 7. Finally, DFT calculations of the first AB dehydrogenation step catalyzed by 5 has been performed at the DFT//MN15 level of theory in order to get information on the predominant metal-ligand cooperation mode.

| S-EPMC8653221 | biostudies-literature

One-pot synthesis of core-shell Cu@SiO2 nanospheres and their catalysis for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane and hydrazine borane.

Project description:Ultrafine copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) within porous silica nanospheres (Cu@SiO2) were prepared via a simple one-pot synthetic route in a reverse micelle system and characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, CO-TPD, XPS, and ICP methods. The characterized results show that ultrafine Cu NPs with diameter of around 2 nm are effectively embedded in the center of well-proportioned spherical SiO2 NPs of about 25 nm in diameter. Compared to commercial SiO2 supported Cu NPs, SiO2 nanospheres supported Cu NPs, and free Cu NPs, the synthesized core-shell nanospheres Cu@SiO2 exhibit a superior catalytic activity for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB, NH3BH3) and hydrazine borane (HB, N2H4BH3) under ambient atmosphere at room temperature. The turnover frequencies (TOF) for the hydrolysis of AB and HB in the presence of Cu@SiO2 nanospheres were measured to be 3.24 and 7.58 mol H2 (mol Cu min)(-1), respectively, relatively high values for Cu nanocatalysts in the same reaction. In addition, the recycle tests show that the Cu@SiO2 nanospheres are still highly active in the hydrolysis of AB and HB, preserving 90 and 85% of their initial catalytic activity even after ten recycles, respectively.

| S-EPMC4274509 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data