Dataset Information

Control of T cell fates and immune tolerance by p38? signaling in mucosal CD103+ dendritic cells.

ABSTRACT: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in launching protective adaptive immunity against pathogens while maintaining immune tolerance to self-Ags. However, how intracellular signaling pathways program DCs to mediate tolerogenic responses remains largely unexplored. In this study, we describe that p38? signaling in CD103(+) mesenteric lymph node DCs reciprocally regulates the differentiation of anti-inflammatory induced regulatory T cells and proinflammatory Th1 cells from naive precursors and promotes mucosal tolerance. Deficiency of p38? in CD103(+) DCs inhibited the generation of induced regulatory T cells while promoting Th1 cell development in a TGF-?2-dependent manner. Consequently, loss of p38? in DCs prevented induction of oral tolerance in vivo. Moreover, p38? in CD103(+) DCs was required for optimal expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase, a key enzyme for retinoic acid synthesis, which in turn imprinted gut-homing receptors on responding T cells. Consistent with a crucial role of p38? to program the tolerogenic activity of CD103(+) DCs, such DC subset contained constitutive activity of p38? and abundant expression of TGF-?2 and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase. Our studies identify a key mechanism of DC-mediated coupling of T cell differentiation and trafficking that orchestrates mucosal immune tolerance.

SUBMITTER: Huang G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3702677 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Control of T cell fates and immune tolerance by p38α signaling in mucosal CD103+ dendritic cells.

Huang Gonghua G Wang Yanyan Y Chi Hongbo H

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 20130610 2

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in launching protective adaptive immunity against pathogens while maintaining immune tolerance to self-Ags. However, how intracellular signaling pathways program DCs to mediate tolerogenic responses remains largely unexplored. In this study, we describe that p38α signaling in CD103(+) mesenteric lymph node DCs reciprocally regulates the differentiation of anti-inflammatory induced regulatory T cells and proinflammatory Th1 cells from naive precursors and ...[more]

PMID: 23752611

Similar Datasets

Project description:Accumulation of extracellular adenosine within the microenvironment is a strategy exploited by tumors to escape detection by the immune system. Adenosine signaling through the adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) on immune cells elicits a range of immunosuppressive effects which promote tumor growth and limit the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Preclinical data with A2AR inhibitors have demonstrated tumor regressions in mouse models by rescuing T cell function; however, the mechanism and role on other immune cells has not been fully elucidated. METHODS:We report here the development of a small molecule A2AR inhibitor including characterization of binding and inhibition of A2AR function with varying amounts of a stable version of adenosine. Functional activity was tested in both mouse and human T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) in in vitro assays to understand the intrinsic role on each cell type. The role of adenosine and A2AR inhibition was tested in DC differentiation assays as well as co-culture assays to access the cross-priming function of DCs. Syngeneic models were used to assess tumor growth alone and in combination with alphaprogrammed death-ligand 1 (?PD-L1). Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry was performed to examine global immune cell changes upon A2AR inhibition. RESULTS:We provide the first report of AZD4635, a novel small molecule A2AR antagonist which inhibits downstream signaling and increases T cell function as well as a novel mechanism of enhancing antigen presentation by CD103+ DCs. The role of antigen presentation by DCs, particularly CD103+ DCs, is critical to drive antitumor immunity providing rational to combine a priming agent AZD4635 with check point blockade. We find adenosine impairs the maturation and antigen presentation function of CD103+ DCs. We show in multiple syngeneic mouse tumor models that treatment of AZD4635 alone and in combination with ?PD-L1 led to decreased tumor volume correlating with enhanced CD103+ function and T cell response. We extend these studies into human DCs to show that adenosine promotes a tolerogenic phenotype that can be reversed with AZD4635 restoring antigen-specific T cell activation. Our results support the novel role of adenosine signaling as an intrinsic negative regulator of CD103+ DCs maturation and priming. We show that potent inhibition of A2AR with AZD4635 reduces tumor burden and enhances antitumor immunity. This unique mechanism of action in CD103+ DCs may contribute to clinical responses as AZD4635 is being evaluated in clinical trials with IMFINZI (durvalumab, ?PD-L1) in patients with solid malignancies. CONCLUSION:We provide evidence implicating suppression of adaptive and innate immunity by adenosine as a mechanism for immune evasion by tumors. Inhibition of adenosine signaling through selective small molecule inhibition of A2AR using AZD4635 restores T cell function via an internal mechanism as well as tumor antigen cross-presentation by CD103+ DCs resulting in antitumor immunity.

Dataset Information

Control of T cell fates and immune tolerance by p38? signaling in mucosal CD103+ dendritic cells.

Publications

Control of T cell fates and immune tolerance by p38α signaling in mucosal CD103+ dendritic cells.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets