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Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells from human subacromial bursa: potential for cell based tendon tissue engineering.

ABSTRACT: Rotator cuff injuries are a common clinical problem either as a result of overuse or aging. Biological approaches to tendon repair that involve use of scaffolding materials or cell-based approaches are currently being investigated. The cell-based approaches are focused on applying multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mostly harvested from bone marrow. In the present study, we focused on characterizing cells harvested from tissues associated with rotator cuff tendons based on an assumption that these cells would be more appropriate for tendon repair. We isolated MSCs from bursa tissue associated with rotator cuff tendons and characterized them for multilineage differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Human bursa was obtained from patients undergoing rotator cuff surgery and cells within were isolated using collagenase and dispase digestion. The cells isolated from the tissues were characterized for osteoblastic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and tenogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the cells isolated from bursa tissue exhibited MSCs characteristics as evidenced by the expression of putative cell surface markers attributed to MSCs. The cells exhibited high proliferative capacity and differentiated toward cells of mesenchymal lineages with high efficiency. Bursa-derived cells expressed markers of tenocytes when treated with bone morphogenetic protein-12 (BMP-12) and assumed aligned morphology in culture. Bursa cells pretreated with BMP-12 and seeded in ceramic scaffolds formed extensive bone, as well as tendon-like tissue in vivo. Bone formation was demonstrated by histological analysis and immunofluorescence for DMP-1 in tissue sections made from the scaffolds seeded with the cells. Tendon-like tissue formed in vivo consisted of parallel collagen fibres typical of tendon tissues. Bursa-derived cells also formed a fibrocartilagenous tissue in the ceramic scaffolds. Taken together, the results demonstrate a new source of MSCs with a high potential for application in tendon repair.

SUBMITTER: Song N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3875151 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells from human subacromial bursa: potential for cell based tendon tissue engineering.

Song Na N Armstrong April D AD Li Feng F Ouyang Hongsheng H Niyibizi Christopher C

Tissue engineering. Part A 20130821 1-2

Rotator cuff injuries are a common clinical problem either as a result of overuse or aging. Biological approaches to tendon repair that involve use of scaffolding materials or cell-based approaches are currently being investigated. The cell-based approaches are focused on applying multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mostly harvested from bone marrow. In the present study, we focused on characterizing cells harvested from tissues associated with rotator cuff tendons based on an assumption t ...[more]

PMID: 23865619

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Project description:The influence of somatic stem cells in the stimulation of mammalian cardiac muscle regeneration is still in its early stages, and so far, it has been difficult to determine the efficacy of the procedures that have been employed. The outstanding question remains whether stem cells derived from the bone marrow or some other location within or outside of the heart can populate a region of myocardial damage and transform into tissue-specific differentiated progenies, and also exhibit functional synchronization. Consequently, this necessitates the development of an appropriate in vitro three-dimensional (3D) model of cardiomyogenesis and prompts the development of a 3D cardiac muscle construct for tissue engineering purposes, especially using the somatic stem cell, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). To this end, we have created an in vitro 3D functional prevascularized cardiac muscle construct using embryonic cardiac myocytes (eCMs) and hMSCs. First, to generate the prevascularized scaffold, human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (hCMVECs) and hMSCs were cocultured onto a 3D collagen cell carrier (CCC) for 7 days under vasculogenic culture conditions; hCMVECs/hMSCs underwent maturation, differentiation, and morphogenesis characteristic of microvessels, and formed dense vascular networks. Next, the eCMs and hMSCs were cocultured onto this generated prevascularized CCCs for further 7 or 14 days in myogenic culture conditions. Finally, the vascular and cardiac phenotypic inductions were characterized at the morphological, immunological, biochemical, molecular, and functional levels. Expression and functional analyses of the differentiated progenies revealed neo-cardiomyogenesis and neo-vasculogenesis. In this milieu, for instance, not only were hMSCs able to couple electromechanically with developing eCMs but were also able to contribute to the developing vasculature as mural cells, respectively. Hence, our unique 3D coculture system provides us a reproducible and quintessential in vitro 3D model of cardiomyogenesis and a functioning prevascularized 3D cardiac graft that can be utilized for personalized medicine.

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Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells from human subacromial bursa: potential for cell based tendon tissue engineering.

Publications

Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells from human subacromial bursa: potential for cell based tendon tissue engineering.

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