Dataset Information

Polychlorinated biphenyl exposures and cognition in older U.S. adults: NHANES (1999-2002).

ABSTRACT:

Background

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitously present in humans because of their resistance to degradation and accumulation in fatty tissues. Data on neurotoxic effects in older adults are limited.

Objective

We examined the cross-sectional association between serum PCB concentrations and cognitive function in older adults from the general U.S. population.

Methods

We analyzed data from 708 respondents, 60-84 years of age, participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002). We used the summed concentrations of 12 lipid-standardized PCB congeners as the measure of exposure and assessed cognitive function with the Digit-Symbol Coding test. We adjusted analyses for age, education, race/ethnicity, and poverty/income ratio.

Results

The median concentration of lipid-standardized PCBs in serum was 271 ng/g (interquartile range, 193-399 ng/g). We found a significant interaction between dioxin-like PCB concentration and age in association with cognitive score (p=0.04). Among older individuals (70-84 years of age), a 100-ng/g increase in serum concentrations of dioxin-like PCBs was associated with a significantly lower cognitive score (-2.7 points; 95% CI: -5.1, -0.2; p=0.04); however, in younger individuals (60-69 years of age), there was a nonsignificant positive association (2.9 points; 95% CI: -1.8, 7.7; p=0.32). Among the older participants, the negative association was more pronounced in women than in men.

Conclusion

Our findings support the hypothesis that PCB exposure has adverse cognitive effects even at levels generally considered to pose low or no risk, perhaps affecting mainly those of advanced age.

SUBMITTER: Bouchard MF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3888566 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyl exposures and cognition in older U.S. adults: NHANES (1999-2002).

Bouchard Maryse F MF Oulhote Youssef Y Sagiv Sharon K SK Saint-Amour Dave D Weuve Jennifer J

Environmental health perspectives 20131125 1

<h4>Background</h4>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitously present in humans because of their resistance to degradation and accumulation in fatty tissues. Data on neurotoxic effects in older adults are limited.<h4>Objective</h4>We examined the cross-sectional association between serum PCB concentrations and cognitive function in older adults from the general U.S. population.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from 708 respondents, 60-84 years of age, participating in the National Health a ...[more]

PMID: 24275543

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:Body composition changes with aging can increase rates of obesity, frailty and impact function. Measuring adiposity using body fat (%BF) or central adiposity using waist circumference (WC) have greater diagnostic accuracy than traditional measures such as body mass index (BMI). DESIGN:This is an observational study. SETTING:This study focused on older community-dwelling participants. PARTICIPANTS:We identified individuals age ? 60 years old using the 1999-2004 cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES). INTERVENTION:The primary analysis evaluated the association between frailty and %BF or WC. Frailty was the primary predictor (robust=referent) and %BF and WC were considered continuous outcomes. Multiple imputation analyses accounted for missing characteristics. MEASUREMENT:Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to assess %BF and WC was objectively measured. Frailty was defined using an adapted version of Fried's criteria that was self-reported: (low BMI<18.5kg/m2; slow walking speed [<0.8m/s]; weakness [unable to lift 10lbs]; exhaustion [difficulty walking between rooms on same floor] and low physical activity [compared to others]). Robust, pre-frail and frail persons met zero, 1 or 2, and ?3 criteria, respectively. RESULTS:Of the 4,984 participants, the mean age was 71.1±0.2 (SE) years and 56.5% were females. We classified 2,246 (50.4%), 2,195 (40.3%), and 541 (9.2%) individuals as robust, pre-frail and frail, respectively. Percent BF was 35.9±0.13, 38.3±0.20 and 40.0±0.46 in the robust, pre-frail and frail individuals, respectively. WC was 99.5±0.32 in the robust, 100.1±0.43 in pre-frail, 104.7±1.17 in frail individuals. Compared to robust individuals, only frail individuals had greater %BF on average (?=0.97±0.43,p=0.03); however, pre-frail and frail individuals had 2.18 and 4.80 greater WC, respectively (?=2.18±0.64,p=0.002, and ?=4.80±1.1,p<0.001). CONCLUSION:Our results demonstrate that in older adults, frailty and pre-frailty are associated with a greater likelihood of high WC (as dichotomized) and a greater average WC (continuous).

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Dataset Information

Polychlorinated biphenyl exposures and cognition in older U.S. adults: NHANES (1999-2002).

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyl exposures and cognition in older U.S. adults: NHANES (1999-2002).

Similar Datasets

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