Dataset Information

Pyrethroid pesticide exposure and parental report of learning disability and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in U.S. children: NHANES 1999-2002.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Use of pyrethroid insecticides has increased dramatically over the past decade; however, data on their potential health effects, particularly on children, are limited.

Objective

We examined the cross-sectional association between postnatal pyrethroid exposure and parental report of learning disability (LD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children 6-15 years of age.

Methods

Using logistic regression, we estimated associations of urinary metabolites of pyrethroid insecticides with parent-reported LD, ADHD, and both LD and ADHD in 1,659-1,680 children participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002).

Results

The prevalence rates of parent-reported LD, ADHD, and both LD and ADHD were 12.7%, 10.0%, and 5.4%, respectively. Metabolite detection frequencies for 3-PBA [3-phenoxybenzoic acid], cis-DCCA [cis-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid], and trans-DCCA [trans-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid] were 77.1%, 35.6%, and 33.9%, respectively. The geometric mean 3-PBA concentration was 0.32 ?g/L (median = 0.31 ?g/L; interquartile rage = 0.10-0.89 ?g/L). cis- and trans-DCCA 75th-percentile concentrations were 0.21 ?g/L and 0.68 ?g/L, respectively. Log10-transformed 3-PBA concentrations were associated with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 1.18 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.51) for parent-reported LD, 1.16 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.58) for ADHD, and 1.45 (95% CI: 0.92, 2.27) for both LD and ADHD. Adjusted ORs remained nonsignificant and decreased after controlling for creatinine and other environmental chemicals previously linked to altered neurodevelopment. Similarly, no significant associations were observed for cis- and trans-DCCA.

Conclusions

Postnatal pyrethroid exposure was not associated with parental report of LD and/or ADHD. Given the widespread and increasing use of pyrethroids, future research should evaluate exposures at current levels, particularly during critical windows of brain development.

SUBMITTER: Quiros-Alcala L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4256700 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Pyrethroid pesticide exposure and parental report of learning disability and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in U.S. children: NHANES 1999-2002.

Quirós-Alcalá Lesliam L Mehta Suril S Eskenazi Brenda B

Environmental health perspectives 20140905 12

<h4>Background</h4>Use of pyrethroid insecticides has increased dramatically over the past decade; however, data on their potential health effects, particularly on children, are limited.<h4>Objective</h4>We examined the cross-sectional association between postnatal pyrethroid exposure and parental report of learning disability (LD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children 6-15 years of age.<h4>Methods</h4>Using logistic regression, we estimated associations of urinary meta ...[more]

PMID: 25192380

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Project description:Background/objectivesTelomere shortening is associated with age and risk of medical comorbidity. We assessed the relationship between measures of adiposity, leukocyte telomere length, and mortality and whether it is modified by age.Subjects/methodsSubjects with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures were identified using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. Obesity was categorized using two body fat definitions (BF1%: men ⩾25%; females ⩾35%; BF2% ⩾28% and ⩾38%, respectively), body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC; men ⩾102 cm; females ⩾88 cm). Telomere length relative to standard reference DNA (T/S ratio) was assessed using quantitative PCR. Weighted multivariable regression models evaluated the association of telomere length with adiposity, both continuously and categorically (low/normal BF%, low/high WC and standard BMI categories). Differences in telomere length by age and adiposity were ascertained and subsequent models were stratified by age. Proportional hazard models assessed the risk of mortality by adiposity status. A telomere by adiposity interaction was tested in the entire cohort and by age category (<60 vs ⩾60 years; <70 vs ⩾70 years).ResultsWe identified 7827 subjects. Mean age was 46.1 years. Overall telomere length was 1.05±0.01 (s.e.) that differed by BF1% (low/high: 1.12±0.02 vs 1.03±0.02; P<0.001), BF2% (1.02±0.02 vs 1.11±0.02; P<0.001), BMI (underweight 1.08±0.03; normal 1.09±0.02; overweight 1.04±0.02; and obese 1.03±0.02;P<0.001) and WC (low/high 1.09±0.02 vs 1.02±0.02; P<0.001). Adjusted β-coefficients evaluating the relationship between telomere length and adiposity (measured continuously) were as follows: BF1% (β=-0.0033±0.0008; P<0.001), BF2% (-0.041±0.008; P<0.001), BMI (β=-0.025±0.0008; P=0.005) and WC (β=-0.0011±0.0004; P=0.007). High BF% (BF1%: β=-0.035±0.011; P=0.002; BF2%: β=-0.041±0.008; P<0.001) and WC (β=-0.035±0.011; P=0.008) were inversely related to telomere length (TL). Stratifying by age, high BF1% (-0.061±0.013), BF2% (-0.065±0.01), BMI-obesity (-0.07±0.015) and high WC (-0.048±0.013) were significant (all P<0.001). This association diminished with increasing age. In older participants, TL was inversely related to mortality (hazard ratio 0.36 (0.27, 0.49)), as were those classified by BF1% (0.68 (0.56, 0.81)), BF2% (0.75 (0.65, 0.80)), BMI (0.50 (0.42, 0.60)) and WC (0.72 (0.63, 0.83)). No interaction was observed between adiposity status, telomere length and mortality.ConclusionsObesity is associated with shorter telomere length in young participants, a relationship that diminishes with increasing age. It does not moderate the relationship with mortality.

Dataset Information

Pyrethroid pesticide exposure and parental report of learning disability and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in U.S. children: NHANES 1999-2002.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Pyrethroid pesticide exposure and parental report of learning disability and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in U.S. children: NHANES 1999-2002.

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