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Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament concentration reflects disease severity in frontotemporal degeneration.

ABSTRACT: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentration is elevated in neurological disorders, including frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). We investigated the clinical correlates of elevated CSF NfL levels in FTD.CSF NfL, amyloid-?1-42 (A?42), tau, and phosphorylated tau concentrations were compared in 47 normal controls (NC), 8 asymptomatic gene carriers (NC2) of FTD-causing mutations, and 79 FTD (45 behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia [bvFTD], 18 progressive nonfluent aphasia [PNFA], 16 semantic dementia [SD]), 22 progressive supranuclear palsy, 50 Alzheimer disease, 6 Parkinson disease, and 17 corticobasal syndrome patients. Correlations between CSF analyte levels were performed with neuropsychological measures and the Clinical Dementia Rating scale sum of boxes (CDRsb). Voxel-based morphometry of structural magnetic resonance images determined the relationship between brain volume and CSF NfL.Mean CSF NfL concentrations were higher in bvFTD, SD, and PNFA than other groups. NfL in NC2 was similar to NC. CSF NfL, but not other CSF measures, correlated with CDRsb and neuropsychological measures in FTD, but not in other diagnostic groups. Analyses in 2 independent FTD cohorts and a group of autopsy-verified or biomarker-enriched cases confirmed the larger group analysis. In FTD, gray and white matter volume negatively correlated with CSF NfL concentration, such that individuals with the highest NfL levels exhibited the most atrophy.CSF NfL is elevated in symptomatic FTD and correlates with disease severity. This measurement may be a useful surrogate endpoint of disease severity in FTD clinical trials. Longitudinal studies of CSF NfL in FTD are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Scherling CS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4020786 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament concentration reflects disease severity in frontotemporal degeneration.

Scherling Carole S CS Hall Tracey T Berisha Flora F Klepac Kristen K Karydas Anna A Coppola Giovanni G Kramer Joel H JH Rabinovici Gil G Ahlijanian Michael M Miller Bruce L BL Seeley William W Grinberg Lea T LT Rosen Howard H Meredith Jere J Boxer Adam L AL

Annals of neurology 20140102 1

<h4>Objective</h4>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentration is elevated in neurological disorders, including frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). We investigated the clinical correlates of elevated CSF NfL levels in FTD.<h4>Methods</h4>CSF NfL, amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ42), tau, and phosphorylated tau concentrations were compared in 47 normal controls (NC), 8 asymptomatic gene carriers (NC2) of FTD-causing mutations, and 79 FTD (45 behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia [ ...[more]

PMID: 24242746

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Project description:ObjectiveThe prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain, total tau, phosphorylated tau181, and amyloid beta1-42 was examined in frontotemporal dementia subtypes.MethodsWe compared baseline biomarkers between 49 controls, 40 patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, 24 with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia, and 26 with nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia. Linear mixed effect models were used to assess the value of baseline biomarkers in predicting clinical and radiographic change in patient cohorts over multiple yearly follow up visits.ResultsNeurofilament light chain concentrations were lowest in controls. Elevated baseline neurofilament light chain predicted faster worsening in clinical severity, frontotemporal volume and frontotemporal fractional anisotropy in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia. High total tau similarly predicted faster progression in nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia. In behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, higher phosphorylated tau181 predicted faster clinical progression whereas lower amyloid beta1-42 predicted faster volumetric and fractional anisotropy reduction. Neurofilament light chain and phosphorylated tau181 were of greater predictive value in patients with tau pathology as compared to TDP-43 pathology. Baseline neurofilament light chain correlated with baseline clinical severity and frontotemporal volume in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. Baseline total tau correlated with baseline clinical severity in semantic variant primary progressive aphasia.InterpretationHigh cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain predicts more aggressive disease in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia. Total tau, phosphorylated tau181, and amyloid beta1-42 also predict some measures of disease aggressiveness in frontotemporal dementia.

Dataset Information

Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament concentration reflects disease severity in frontotemporal degeneration.

Publications

Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament concentration reflects disease severity in frontotemporal degeneration.

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