The chemical constituents from the roots of Gentiana crassicaulis and their inhibitory effects on inflammatory mediators NO and TNF-?
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Electronic Supplementary Material
Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s13659-012-0067-3 and is accessible for authorized users.
SUBMITTER: Lv T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4131634 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Two new benzophenones, methyl (R)-3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-hydroxypropanoate (1) and n-butyl (R)-3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-hydroxypropanoate (2), were isolated from the roots of Ranunculus ternatus along with the two known compounds vanillic acid (3) and gallic acid (4). Their structures were elucidated by physical and spectroscopic analysis. In addition, compound 1 exhibited obvious activity against tuberculosis, while the activity of a 1:1 mixture of compound 1 plus 4 is better than that of 1 alone.
| S-EPMC6270127 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Increasing scientific evidence has demonstrated that the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. have pharmacological effects related to anti-inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the chemical constituents from P. tenuifolia roots as anti-inflammatory drug candidates. In the present work, twenty-three compounds were isolated from P. tenuifolia roots, including three saponins (1-3), ten phenylpropanoid sucrose esters (4-12), one benzoic acid sugar ester derivative (13), four xanthones (14-17), two hydroxy benzophenone derivatives (18 and 19), two phenolic derivatives (20 and 21), and two ionones (22 and 23). All isolates were tested for their inhibitory effects of LPS-stimulated NO and PGE2 production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Among these, 3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-cinnamoyl),6'-O-(p-methoxybenzoyl) sucrose ester (TCMB; 11) together with compounds 3 and 21 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on NO production, while TCMB and compounds 17, 19, and 21 showed strong inhibitory effects on PGE2 production. Specifically, TCMB (11) downregulated the protein levels of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, TCMB (11) dose-dependently diminished the relative mRNA expression levels of iNOS, PGE2, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). A molecular docking study showed that TCMB (11) has strong binding affinities with iNOS and COX-2.
| S-EPMC9738712 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveAlthough the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Cannabis have been extensively studied, phytochemicals of Cannabis roots are not well characterized. Herein, we investigated the chemical constituents of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) roots and evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of phytochemicals isolated from the hemp roots extract.MethodsAn ethyl acetate extract of hemp roots was subjected to a combination of chromatographic columns to isolate phytochemicals. The chemical structures of the isolates were elucidated based on spectroscopic analyses (by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry). The anti-inflammatory effects of phytochemicals from hemp roots were evaluated in an anti-inflammasome assay using human monocyte THP-1 cells.ResultsPhytochemical investigation of hemp roots extract led to the identification of 32 structurally diverse compounds including six cannabinoids (1-6), three phytosterols (26-28), four triterpenoids (22-25), five lignans (17-21), and 10 hydroxyl contained compounds (7-16), three fatty acids (29-31), and an unsaturated chain hydrocarbon (32). Compounds 14-21, 23, 27, and 32 were identified from the Cannabis species for the first time. Cannabinoids (1-5) reduced the level of cytokine tumor necrosis-alpha (by 38.2, 58.4, 47.7, 52.2, and 56.1%, respectively) and 2 and 5 also decreased the interleukin-1β production (by 42.2 and 92.4%, respectively) in a cell-based inflammasome model. In addition, non-cannabinoids including 11, 13, 20, 25, 29, and 32 also showed selective inhibition of interleukin-1β production (by 23.7, 22.5, 25.6, 78.0, 24.1, 46.6, and 25.4%, respectively) in THP-1 cells.ConclusionThe phytochemical constituent of a hemp roots extract was characterized and compounds from hemp roots exerted promising anti-inflammatory effects.
| S-EPMC9841654 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Anti-inflammatory compounds were investigated from the ethanol extract of the roots and rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, a traditional Chinese medicine called Xixin and used for pain and inflammatory. Nine new compounds were isolated, including six new lignans, neoasarinin A-C (1-3), neoasarininoside A and B (4 and 5), and asarinin B (7), and one new monoterpene, asarincin A (8), two new amides, asaramid II and III (10 and 11), and one new natural monoterpene, asaricin B (9), along with 37 known compounds (6, 12-47). Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and chemical analyses. This is the first report of the absolute configuration of asarinin A (6). The 8-O-4' neolignans (1-5) were reported in the genus Asarum for the first time. The 15 compounds 17, 19, 22-25, 28, 31, 36, 40, 42, 43, 45-47 were isolated from the genus Asarum, and compounds 16, 32, 33, 37 and 39 were isolated from A. heterotropoides var. mandshuricum for the first time. Thirty-seven of the isolates were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against the release of β-glucuronidase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) induced by the platelet-activating factor (PAF), and compounds 1, 4, 7, 8, 14, 17-19, 22, 24, 25, 29, 30, 32, 33, 40-43, 45, and 46 showed potent anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, with 27.9%-72.6% inhibitions at 10-5 mol/L. The results of anti-inflammatory assay suggested that lignans obtained from the CHCl₃ extract might be the main active components of Xixin.
| S-EPMC6155747 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Two new aryltetralin lactone lignans, petasitesins A and B were isolated from the hot water extract of the leaves of butterbur (Petasites japonicus) along with six known compounds. The chemical structures of lignans 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra. Petasitesin A and cimicifugic acid D showed significant inhibitory effects on the production of both prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and NO in RAW264.7 macrophages. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were inhibited by compound 1 in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited strong affinities with both iNOS and COX-2 enzymes in molecular docking studies.
| S-EPMC6995602 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The goal of this study was to identify phytochemicals with inhibitory activity against tyrosinase. Nine compounds 1-9 were isolated from the tubers of Apios americana. This is the first report of aromadendrin 5-methyl ether (1) being isolated from the Apios species. Among them, compounds 2 and 8 showed inhibitory activity toward tyrosinase. Based on a Dixon plot, the potential Ki values of competitive inhibitors 2 and 8 were calculated as 10.3 ± 0.8 µM and 44.2 ± 1.7 µM, respectively. An IC50 value of 13.2 ± 1.0 µM was calculated for the slow-binding inhibitor 2 after preincubation with tyrosinase. Additionally, the predicted binding sites between the receptor and ligand, as well as secondary structure changes, in the presence of 2 were examined by molecular simulation.
| S-EPMC6017567 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A Burgundian Chardonnay wine was enriched with Gentiana lutea root powders originating from two French mountain sites (Massif Central and Jura) in order to prepare semi-dry gentian aromatized Chardonnay wine-based drinks. These novel alcoholic beverages were chemically and sensorially characterized for evaluating if the gentian geographic origin influenced bitter and elemental and volatile composition and sensory profiles in the final products. For that, the chemical fingerprint of gentian powders and wines were carried by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC), liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector (LC-DAD) and inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The mineral and volatile analysis show that the geographic distinction is more obvious in gentian powders compared to gentian macerated wines. Interestingly the maceration process in Chardonnay wine involves extraction processes revealing statistical distinctions in other chemical markers of gentian origin, like for amarogentin and loganic acid or some mineral elements such as barium and aluminum that affect undoubtedly bitterness perception and sensory properties in macerated wines compared to unmacerated wine. Additionally, the gentian volatile 2-methoxy-3-sec-butylpyrazine and the Chardonnay wine volatile ethyl-9-decenoate differentiated, respectively by extraction and powder adsorption mechanisms could be responsible of more subtle sensory differentiations between macerated wines from two distinct gentian origins.
| S-EPMC7466338 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Potentilla atrosanguinea, native to Himalayan region, is well known for its curative effects in traditional medicinal system. An ultra performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection method for the quantification of constituents of root part of P. atrosanguinea has been developed along with antioxidant activity evaluation. A simple and sensitive quantification method developed for seven compounds however only four compounds; p-coumaric acid (4), rutin (7), tiliroside (14) and kaempferol (16) were quantified as others were in lesser amount. Syringic acid and quercetin were found in trace amount whereas chlorogenic acid was absent in the ethanol extract of roots of P. atrosanguinea. Total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents were determined to be 21.75 mg of gallic acid equivalent and 8.57 mg of quercetin equivalent per gram of dry plant material, respectively. Antioxidant activity of extract was assessed using three assays; 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The IC50 values; 35.75 ?g/ml and 30.35 ?g/ml by DPPH and ABTS assays for ethanolic extract showed excellent free radical scavenging potential of its root part. The ferric reducing ability (FRAP) value, 26.67 mg of ascorbic acid per gram also indicated its higher antioxidant potential.
| S-EPMC6133875 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Seventy-three compounds were identified from the methanol extract of V. luteola, and among these, three new (1⁻3) were characterized by spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. The isolated constituents were assessed for anti-inflammatory potential evaluation, and several purified principles exhibited significant superoxide anion and elastase inhibitory effects.
| S-EPMC6479608 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Seven new anthraquinones with rare 2-isopropyldihydrofuran (1-3) and 2,2-dimethylpyrano (4-7) moieties together with thirty-four known compounds were isolated from the extracts of whole Hedyotis diffusa plants. Their structures were elucidated and established by various spectroscopic and spectrometric analytical methods. Among these isolates, selected compounds were examined for their anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that rare substituted anthraquinones displayed potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.15 ± 0.01 to 5.52 ± 1.59 µM on the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release cellular models. Meanwhile, the proposed drug target of the active anthraquinone was studied by computer modeling. The binding affinity between the anti-inflammatory anthraquinone and elastase was evaluated by molecular docking. These results provided the scientific insight into the medicinal values of Hedyotis diffusa and vision of development as lead compounds.
| S-EPMC8868389 | biostudies-literature