Dataset Information

Molecular characterization and tissue distribution of estrogen receptor genes in domestic yak.

ABSTRACT: Estrogen and its receptors are essential hormones for normal reproductive function in males and females during developmental stage. To better understand the effect of estrogen receptor (ER) gene in yak (Bos grunniens), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to clone ER? and ER? genes. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the evolutionary relationship between yaks and other species, and real-time PCR was performed to identify the mRNA expression of ER? and ER?. Sequence analysis showed that the ER open reading frames (ORFs) encoded 596 and 527 amino acid proteins. The yak ER? and ER? shared 45.3% to 99.5% and 53.9% to 99.1% protein sequence identities with other species homologs, respectively. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that ER? and ER? were expressed in a variety of tissues, but the expression level of ER? was higher than that of ER? in all tissues, except testis. The mRNA expression of ER? was highest in the mammary gland, followed by uterus, oviduct, and ovary, and lowest in the liver, kidney, lung, testis, spleen, and heart. The ER? mRNA level was highest in the ovary; intermediary in the uterus and oviduct; and lowest in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, mammary gland, and testis. The identification and tissue distribution of ER genes in yaks provides a foundation for the further study on their biological functions.

SUBMITTER: Fu M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4213678 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular characterization and tissue distribution of estrogen receptor genes in domestic yak.

Fu Mei M Xiong Xian-Rong XR Lan Dao-Liang DL Li Jian J

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences 20141201 12

Estrogen and its receptors are essential hormones for normal reproductive function in males and females during developmental stage. To better understand the effect of estrogen receptor (ER) gene in yak (Bos grunniens), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to clone ERα and ERβ genes. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the evolutionary relationship between yaks and other species, and real-time PCR was performed to identify the mRNA expression of ERα and ER ...[more]

PMID: 25358360

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Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common form of eukaryotic mRNA modification, and it has been shown to exhibit broad regulatory activity in yeast, plants, and mammals. The specific role of m6A methylation as a regulator of spermatogenesis, however, has yet to be established. In this experiment, through a series of preliminary studies and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, the m6A map of cattle-yak testicular tissue was established as a means of exploring how m6A modification affects cattle-yak male infertility. Cattle-yak testis tissues used in this study were found to contain sertoli cells and spermatogonia. Relative to sexually mature yak samples, those isolated from cattle-yak testis exhibited slightly reduced levels of overall methylation, although these levels were significantly higher than those in samples from pre-sexually mature yaks. Annotation analyses revealed that differentially methylated peaks were most concentrated in exonic regions, with progressively lower levels of concentration in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) and 5'-UTR regions. To further explore the role of such m6A modification, enrichment analyses were performed on differentially methylated and differentially expressed genes in these samples. For the cattle-yaks vs. 18-months-old yaks group comparisons, differentially methylated genes were found to be associated with spermatogenesis-related GO terms related to the cytoskeleton and actin-binding, as well as with KEGG terms related to the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and the MAPK signaling pathway. Similarly, enrichment analyses performed for the cattle-yaks vs. 5-years-old yaks comparison revealed differentially methylated genes to be associated with GO terms related to protein ubiquitination, ubiquitin ligase complexes, ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism, and endocytotic activity, as well as with KEGG terms related to apoptosis and the Fanconi anemia pathway. Overall, enrichment analyses for the cattle-yaks vs. 18-months-old yaks comparison were primarily associated with spermatogenesis, whereas those for the cattle-yaks vs. 5-years-old yaks comparison were primarily associated with apoptosis.

Dataset Information

Molecular characterization and tissue distribution of estrogen receptor genes in domestic yak.

Publications

Molecular characterization and tissue distribution of estrogen receptor genes in domestic yak.

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