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Glomerular autoimmune multicomponents of human lupus nephritis in vivo: ?-enolase and annexin AI.

ABSTRACT: Renal targets of autoimmunity in human lupus nephritis (LN) are unknown. We sought to identify autoantibodies and glomerular target antigens in renal biopsy samples from patients with LN and determine whether the same autoantibodies can be detected in circulation. Glomeruli were microdissected from biopsy samples of 20 patients with LN and characterized by proteomic techniques. Serum samples from large cohorts of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with and without LN and other glomerulonephritides were tested. Glomerular IgGs recognized 11 podocyte antigens, with reactivity varying by LN pathology. Notably, IgG2 autoantibodies against ?-enolase and annexin AI were detected in 11 and 10 of the biopsy samples, respectively, and predominated over other autoantibodies. Immunohistochemistry revealed colocalization of ?-enolase or annexin AI with IgG2 in glomeruli. High levels of serum anti-?-enolase (>15 mg/L) IgG2 and/or anti-annexin AI (>2.7 mg/L) IgG2 were detected in most patients with LN but not patients with other glomerulonephritides, and they identified two cohorts: patients with high anti-?-enolase/low anti-annexin AI IgG2 and patients with low anti-?-enolase/high anti-annexin AI IgG2. Serum levels of both autoantibodies decreased significantly after 12 months of therapy for LN. Anti-?-enolase IgG2 recognized specific epitopes of ?-enolase and did not cross-react with dsDNA. Furthermore, nephritogenic monoclonal IgG2 (clone H147) derived from lupus-prone MRL-lpr/lpr mice recognized human ?-enolase, suggesting homology between animal models and human LN. These data show a multiantibody composition in LN, where IgG2 autoantibodies against ?-enolase and annexin AI predominate in the glomerulus and can be detected in serum.

SUBMITTER: Bruschi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4214525 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Glomerular autoimmune multicomponents of human lupus nephritis in vivo: α-enolase and annexin AI.

Bruschi Maurizio M Sinico Renato Alberto RA Moroni Gabriella G Moroni Gabriella G Pratesi Federico F Migliorini Paola P Galetti Maricla M Murtas Corrado C Tincani Angela A Madaio Michael M Radice Antonella A Franceschini Franco F Trezzi Barbara B Bianchi Laura L Giallongo Agata A Gatti Rita R Tardanico Regina R Scaloni Andrea A D'Ambrosio Chiara C Carnevali Maria Luisa ML Messa Piergiorgio P Ravani Pietro P Barbano Giancarlo G Bianco Beatrice B Bonanni Alice A Scolari Francesco F Martini Alberto A Candiano Giovanni G Allegri Landino L Ghiggeri Gian Marco GM

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 20140501 11

Renal targets of autoimmunity in human lupus nephritis (LN) are unknown. We sought to identify autoantibodies and glomerular target antigens in renal biopsy samples from patients with LN and determine whether the same autoantibodies can be detected in circulation. Glomeruli were microdissected from biopsy samples of 20 patients with LN and characterized by proteomic techniques. Serum samples from large cohorts of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with and without LN and other glom ...[more]

PMID: 24790181

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Project description:IntroductionLupus nephritis (LN) is a major risk factor of morbidity and mortality. Glomerular injury is associated with different pathogeneses and clinical presentations in LN patients. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the molecular characteristics and mechanisms of this disease using bioinformatics analysis.MethodsTo characterize glomeruli in LN, microarray datasets GSE113342 and GSE32591 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LN glomeruli and normal glomeruli. Functional enrichment analyses and protein-protein interaction network analyses were then performed. Module analysis was performed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins and Cytoscape software. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to identify the glomerular expression of S100A8 in various International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) class LN patients. The image of each glomerulus was acquired using a digital imaging system, and the green fluorescence intensity was quantified using Image-Pro Plus software.ResultsA total of 13 DEGs, consisting of 12 downregulated genes and one upregulated gene (S100A8), were identified in the microarray datasets. The functions and pathways associated with the DEGs mainly include inflammatory response, innate immune response, neutrophil chemotaxis, leukocyte migration, cell adhesion, cell-cell signaling, and infection. We also found that monocytes and activated natural killer cells were upregulated in both GSE113342 and GSE32591. Glomerular S100A8 staining was significantly enhanced compared to that in the controls, especially in class IV.ConclusionsThe DEGs identified in the present study help us understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of LN. Our results show that glomerular S100A8 expression varies in different pathological types; however, further research is required to confirm the role of S100A8 in LN.

Project description:Background and objectivesThere have been only several studies on the correlation between glomerular exostosin expression and membranous lupus nephritis. In this study, we validate the previous findings in Chinese patients with class 5 lupus nephritis.Design, setting, participants, & measureOne hundred sixty-five patients with class 5 lupus nephritis and varying numbers of control patients were included. Exostosin1/exostosin2 staining was performed by immunohistochemistry, and the staining intensity was quantified using an imaging analysis system. Between-group comparisons were tested for statistical significance using the Pearson chi-squared test, the Fisher exact test, the unpaired t test, the Mann-Whitney U test, or one-way ANOVA.ResultsIn total, 46% of patients with class 5 lupus nephritis, 9% of patients with class 5 + 3/4 lupus nephritis, and none of the other classes of lupus nephritis were exostosin positive. Only three patients were exostosin positive among the 61 patients with other secondary membranous nephropathy. The exostosin-positive rate in nephrotic patients was significantly higher than that in patients without nephrotic syndrome (P<0.001), and the exostosin staining intensities of the patients with exostosin-positive class 5 were positively correlated with proteinuria (r=0.53; P<0.001). Compared with the patients with exostosin-negative cases, the patients with exostosin-positive cases had higher proteinuria levels (3.9 [interquartile range, 2.0-6.3] g/d versus 2.3 [interquartile range, 1.0-3.6] g/d; P<0.001); lower scores of activity index (1 [interquartile range, 1-2] versus 2 [interquartile range, 1-3]; P=0.001), chronicity index (1 [interquartile range, 0-2] versus 2 [interquartile range, 1-2]; P=0.02), and tubular atrophy score (0 [interquartile range, 0-1] versus 1 [interquartile range, 0-1]; P=0.008); a higher proportion of extensive subepithelial deposition (62% versus 27%; P<0.001); a similar treatment response; and comparable time to kidney end point. Among the 47 patients with class 5 who underwent repeat biopsy, 97% of those with exostosin-negative cases remained negative, whereas 44% of those with exostosin-positive cases were still positive. The rate of histologic transition in the patients with exostosin-negative class 5 was significantly higher than that in the patients with exostosin-positive class 5 (59% versus 22%; P=0.03).ConclusionsExostosin positivity occurred frequently in patients with class 5 lupus nephritis, and patients with exostosin-positive cases had more severe proteinuria and a lower rate of histologic transition than the exostosin-negative patients.

Dataset Information

Glomerular autoimmune multicomponents of human lupus nephritis in vivo: ?-enolase and annexin AI.

Publications

Glomerular autoimmune multicomponents of human lupus nephritis in vivo: α-enolase and annexin AI.

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