Dataset Information

Protein synthesis by rice coleoptiles during prolonged anoxia: implications for glycolysis, growth and energy utilization.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

Anoxia-tolerant plant tissues synthesize a number of proteins during anoxia, in addition to the 'classical anaerobic proteins' involved in glycolysis and fermentation. The present study used a model system of rice coleoptile tips to elucidate patterns of protein synthesis in this anoxia-tolerant plant tissue.

Methods

Coleoptile tips 7-11 mm long were excised from intact seedlings exposed to anoxia, or excised from hypoxically pre-treated seedlings and then exposed to anoxia for 72 h. Total proteins or 35S-labelled proteins were extracted, separated using two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and analysed using mass spectrometry.

Key results

The coleoptile tips excised after intact seedlings had been exposed to anoxia for 72 h had a similar proteome to tips that were first excised and then exposed to anoxia. After 72 h anoxia, Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitors and a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein decreased in abundance, whereas a nucleoside diphosphate kinase and several proteins with unknown functions were strongly enhanced. Using [35S]methionine as label, proteins synthesized at high levels in anoxia, and also in aeration, included a nucleoside diphosphate kinase, a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, a putative elicitor-inducible protein and a putative actin-depolymerizing factor. Proteins synthesized predominately in anoxia included a pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK), alcohol dehydrogenase 1 and 2, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase and a protein of unknown function.

Conclusion

The induction of PPDK in anoxic rice coleoptiles might, in combination with pyruvate kinase (PK), enable operation of a 'substrate cycle' producing PPi from ATP. Production of PPi would (a) direct energy to crucial transport processes across the tonoplast (i.e. the H+-PPiase); (b) be required for sucrose hydrolysis via sucrose synthase; and (c) enable acceleration of glycolysis, via pyrophosphate:fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) acting in parallel with phosphofructokinase (PFK), thus enhancing ATP production in anoxic rice coleoptiles; ATP production would need to be increased if there was a substantial requirement for PPi.

SUBMITTER: Huang S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4247037 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Protein synthesis by rice coleoptiles during prolonged anoxia: implications for glycolysis, growth and energy utilization.

Huang Shaobai S Greenway Hank H Colmer Timothy D TD Millar A Harvey AH

Annals of botany 20050718 4

<h4>Background and aims</h4>Anoxia-tolerant plant tissues synthesize a number of proteins during anoxia, in addition to the 'classical anaerobic proteins' involved in glycolysis and fermentation. The present study used a model system of rice coleoptile tips to elucidate patterns of protein synthesis in this anoxia-tolerant plant tissue.<h4>Methods</h4>Coleoptile tips 7-11 mm long were excised from intact seedlings exposed to anoxia, or excised from hypoxically pre-treated seedlings and then expo ...[more]

PMID: 16027131

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Project description:This study evaluated the effects of anoxia on K(+) uptake and translocation in 3-4-d-old, intact, rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. Calrose). Rates of net K(+) uptake from the medium over 24 h by coleoptiles of anoxic seedlings were inhibited by 83-91 %, when compared with rates in aerated seedlings. Similar uptake rates, and degree of inhibition due to anoxia, were found for Rb(+) when supplied over 1.5-2 h, starting 22 h after imposing anoxia. The Rb(+) uptake indicated that intact coleoptiles take up ions directly from the external solution. Monovalent cation (K(+) and Rb(+)) net uptake from the solution was inhibited by anoxia to the same degree for the coleoptiles of intact seedlings and for coleoptiles excised, 'aged', and supplied with exogenous glucose. Transport of endogenous K(+) from caryopses to coleoptiles was inhibited less by anoxia than net K(+) uptake from the solution, the inhibition being 55 % rather than 87 %. Despite these inhibitions, osmotic pressures of sap (pi(sap)) expressed from coleoptiles of seedlings exposed to 48 h of anoxia, with or without exogenous K(+), were 0.66 +/- 0.03 MPa; however, the contributions of K(+) to pi(sap) were 23 and 16 %, respectively. After 24 h of anoxia, the K(+) concentrations in the basal 10 mm of the coleoptiles of seedlings with or without exogenous K(+), were similar to those in aerated seedlings with exogenous K(+). In contrast, K(+) concentrations had decreased in aerated seedlings without exogenous K(+), presumably due to 'dilution' by growth; fresh weight gains of the coleoptile being 3.6- to 4.7-fold greater in aerated than in anoxic seedlings. Deposition rates of K(+) along the axes of the coleoptiles were calculated for the anoxic seedlings only, for which we assessed the elongation zone to be only the basal 4 mm. K(+) deposition in the basal 6 mm was similar for seedlings with or without exogenous K(+), at 0.6-0.87 micro mol g(-1) f. wt h(-1). Deposition rates in zones above 6 mm from the base were greater for seedlings with, than without, exogenous K(+); the latter were sometimes negative. We conclude that for the coleoptiles of rice seedlings, anoxia inhibits net K(+) uptake from the external solution to a much larger extent than K(+) translocation from the caryopses. Furthermore, K(+) concentrations in the elongation zone of the coleoptiles of anoxic seedlings were maintained to a remarkable degree, contributing to maintenance of pi(sap) in cells of these elongating tissues.

Dataset Information

Protein synthesis by rice coleoptiles during prolonged anoxia: implications for glycolysis, growth and energy utilization.

Background and aims

Methods

Key results

Conclusion

Publications

Protein synthesis by rice coleoptiles during prolonged anoxia: implications for glycolysis, growth and energy utilization.

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