Dataset Information

A nonsense mutation in the HOXD13 gene underlies synpolydactyly with incomplete penetrance.

ABSTRACT: Synpolydactyly 1 (SPD1; OMIM 186000), also known as type II syndactyly, is a dominantly inherited limb malformation that is characterized by an increased number of digits. SPD1 is most commonly caused by polyalanine repeat expansions in the coding region of the HOXD13 gene, which are believed to show a dominant-negative effect. In addition, missense and out-of-frame deletion mutations in the HOXD13 gene are also known to cause SPD, and the mechanism responsible for the phenotype appears to be haploinsufficiency. Here, we analyzed a large consanguineous family from Pakistan with SPD showing a wide variation in phenotype among affected individuals. We performed genetic linkage analysis, which identified a region on chromosome 2 containing the HOXD13 gene. Haplotype analysis with microsatellite markers suggested segregation of the phenotype with HOXD13 gene with incomplete penetrance. Direct sequencing analysis of HOXD13 gene revealed a nonsense mutation, designated as Q248X. All affected individuals with the severe SPD phenotype are homozygous for the mutation, whereas those with the mild SPD phenotype are heterozygous for the mutation. Furthermore, some unaffected individuals also carry the mutation in the heterozygous state, showing incomplete penetrance. Our results show the first nonsense mutation in the HOXD13 gene underlying a severe form of SPD in the homozygous state, and a milder form of SPD with ?50% penetrance in the heterozygous state, most likely because of the production of 50% of protein compared with normal individuals.

SUBMITTER: Kurban M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4296310 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

A nonsense mutation in the HOXD13 gene underlies synpolydactyly with incomplete penetrance.

Kurban Mazen M Wajid Muhammad M Petukhova Lynn L Shimomura Yutaka Y Christiano Angela M AM

Journal of human genetics 20110804 10

Synpolydactyly 1 (SPD1; OMIM 186000), also known as type II syndactyly, is a dominantly inherited limb malformation that is characterized by an increased number of digits. SPD1 is most commonly caused by polyalanine repeat expansions in the coding region of the HOXD13 gene, which are believed to show a dominant-negative effect. In addition, missense and out-of-frame deletion mutations in the HOXD13 gene are also known to cause SPD, and the mechanism responsible for the phenotype appears to be ha ...[more]

PMID: 21814222

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundSyndactyly (SD) refers to a deformity caused by the fusion and limb differentiation disorder of soft tissues and/or skeletons to varying extents between adjacent fingers (toes). The main features of this disease are phenotypic heterogeneity and genetic heterogeneity. In this study, we examined four generations of a Chinese Mongolian with different phenotypes of syndactylia and analysed and identified the pathogenic genetic variants of SD by exon sequencing.MethodsThe clinical phenotypes of patients were analysed, and the hands and feet were examined by X-ray. The pedigree was drawn, and the family data were analysed. Peripheral blood was collected from the family members, and genomic DNA was extracted. The candidate genes of SD were identified by exon sequencing, and the mutation sites of the captured candidate genes were amplified by PCR and verified by Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe family has congenital syndactyly, which is an autosomal dominant disease. At present, this condition has been passed down for 4 generations and was identified in 9 patients, including 4 males and 5 females. Five patients, I2, II4, III5, III,7 and III10, had unilateral syndactyly, and four patients, III16, IV3, IV6 and IV7, had bilateral finger syndactyly. All of their toes were unaffected. The proband and the other patients in this family had a c.917G > A (p.R306Q) mutation, which is located at position 917 of the second exon of the HOXD13 gene. This mutation results in a change in the amino acid at position 306, in which arginine is changed to glutamine. This mutation cosegregates in unaffected individuals and affected patients in this family. Moreover, 201 Mongolian genome databases and a thousand human genome databases were referenced to further confirm that the pathogenic genetic variant that causes syndactyly in this family is found in HOXD13.ConclusionThis study found that the mutation site of the pathogenic gene in this family was HOXD13, c.917G > A (p.R306Q). The phenotype of the family member III12 was normal, but this member was also a carrier of the pathogenic genetic variant. This indicates that the disease of this family has incomplete penetrance characteristics. Our results further enrich the expression profile of the HOXD13 gene.

Dataset Information

A nonsense mutation in the HOXD13 gene underlies synpolydactyly with incomplete penetrance.

Publications

A nonsense mutation in the HOXD13 gene underlies synpolydactyly with incomplete penetrance.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets