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A new type of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile strain lacking a complete tcdA gene.

ABSTRACT: Toxins A and B are the main virulence factors of Clostridium difficile and are the targets for molecular diagnostic tests. Here, we describe a new toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive, binary toxin CDT (Clostridium difficile transferase)-negative (A(-) B(+) CDT(-)) toxinotype (XXXII) characterized by a variant type of pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) without tcdA and with atypical organization of the PaLoc integration site.

SUBMITTER: Janezic S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4298534 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A new type of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile strain lacking a complete tcdA gene.

Janezic Sandra S Marín Mercedes M Martín Adoración A Rupnik Maja M

Journal of clinical microbiology 20141126 2

Toxins A and B are the main virulence factors of Clostridium difficile and are the targets for molecular diagnostic tests. Here, we describe a new toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive, binary toxin CDT (Clostridium difficile transferase)-negative (A(-) B(+) CDT(-)) toxinotype (XXXII) characterized by a variant type of pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) without tcdA and with atypical organization of the PaLoc integration site. ...[more]

PMID: 25428159

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Project description:Background and aimsClostridium (Clostridiodes) difficile clade 3 ribotype (RT) 023 strains that fail to produce black colonies on bioMérieux ChromID agar have been reported, as well as variant strains of C. difficile that produce only toxin A. We have recently isolated strains of C. difficile from the environment in Western Australia (WA) with similar characteristics. The objective of this study was to characterize these strains. It was hypothesized that a putative β-glucosidase gene was lacking in these strains of C. difficile, including RT 023, leading to white colonies.Methods and resultsA total of 17 environmental isolates of C. difficile from garden soil and compost, and gardening shoe soles in Perth, WA, failed to produce black colonies on ChromID agar. MALDI-TOF MS analysis confirmed these strains as C. difficile. Four strains contained only a tcdA gene (A+ B- CDT- ) by PCR and were a novel RT (QX 597). All isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested except one with low-level resistance to clindamycin (MIC = 8 mg/L). The four tcdA-positive strains were motile. All isolates contained neither bgl locus but only bgl K or a putative β-glucosidase gene by PCR. Whole-genome sequencing showed the 17 strains belonged to novel multi-locus sequence types 632, 848, 849, 850, 851, 852 and 853, part of the evolutionarily divergent clade C-III. Four isolates carried a full-length tcdA but not tcdB nor binary toxin genes.ConclusionsChromID C. difficile agar is used for the specific detection of C. difficile in the samples. To date, all strains except RT 023 strains from clinical samples hydrolyse esculin. This is the first report to provide insights into the identification of esculin hydrolysis negative and TcdA-only producing (A+ B- CDT- ) strains of C. difficile from environmental samples.Significance and impact of the studyWhite colonies of C. difficile from environmental samples could be overlooked when using ChromID C. difficile agar, leading to false-negative results, however, whether these strains are truly pathogenic remains to be proven.

Dataset Information

A new type of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile strain lacking a complete tcdA gene.

Publications

A new type of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile strain lacking a complete tcdA gene.

Similar Datasets

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