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Increased 24-hour ad libitum food intake is associated with lower plasma irisin concentrations the following morning in adult humans.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The relationship between food intake and irisin concentrations in humans is unclear. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether the previous day's intake impacts fasting plasma irisin concentrations, or whether fasting irisin concentrations associate with subsequent ad libitum food intake. METHODS:Sixty-six nondiabetic adults (42 men) were admitted for a study of the determinants of energy intake. After 6 days of a weight maintaining diet, ad libitum energy intake over 3 days was assessed using a vending machine paradigm. Fasting plasma irisin concentrations were measured on the morning of the second day of the vending period. RESULTS:There were no correlations between irisin and demographic or anthropometric parameters. On day 1, subjects consumed 144?±?52% of weight maintaining energy needs. Every additional 500?kcal consumed on day 1 associated with a 3.4% lower irisin concentration the following morning (95% CI -6.2, -0.4%, p?=?0.01; adjusted for age, sex and race). If energy intake was expressed as a percentage of weight maintaining energy needs, every 10% increase associated with a 1.9% lower irisin concentration (95% CI -3.7, -0.1%; adjusted p?=?0.02). A 100?kcal increase in carbohydrate or fat consumption associated with a 1.3% (95% CI -2.5, -0.1%, p?=?0.01) and a 0.6% (95% CI -1.1, -0.0%, p?=?0.02) lower irisin concentration, respectively. There was no association between fasting irisin concentrations and subsequent energy intake on day 2 (r?=?0.19, p?=?0.1). CONCLUSIONS:Higher ad libitum 24?h energy intake was associated with lower fasting irisin concentrations the following morning, but fasting irisin concentrations did not predict subsequent energy intake. The decrease in irisin concentrations with increased energy intake is consistent with the detrimental metabolic effects of overeating.

SUBMITTER: Schlogl M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4410111 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Increased 24-hour ad libitum food intake is associated with lower plasma irisin concentrations the following morning in adult humans.

Schlögl Mathias M Piaggi Paolo P Votruba Susanne B SB Walter Mary M Krakoff Jonathan J Thearle Marie S MS

Appetite 20150309

<h4>Background</h4>The relationship between food intake and irisin concentrations in humans is unclear.<h4>Objectives</h4>To determine whether the previous day's intake impacts fasting plasma irisin concentrations, or whether fasting irisin concentrations associate with subsequent ad libitum food intake.<h4>Methods</h4>Sixty-six nondiabetic adults (42 men) were admitted for a study of the determinants of energy intake. After 6 days of a weight maintaining diet, ad libitum energy intake over 3 da ...[more]

PMID: 25765248

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Project description:Background/objectivesBreakfast omission is positively associated with obesity and increased risk of disease. However, little is known about the acute effects of extended morning fasting upon subsequent energy intake and associated metabolic/regulatory factors in obese adults.Subjects/methodsIn a randomised cross-over design, 24 obese men (n=8) and women (n=16) extended their overnight fast by omitting breakfast consumption or ingesting a typical carbohydrate-rich breakfast of 2183±393 kJ (521±94 kcal), before an ad libitum pasta lunch 3 h later. Blood samples were obtained throughout the day until 3 h post lunch and analysed for hormones implicated in appetite regulation, along with metabolic outcomes and subjective appetite measures.ResultsLunch intake was unaffected by extended morning fasting (difference=218 kJ, 95% confidence interval -54 kJ, 490 kJ; P=0.1) resulting in lower total intake in the fasting trial (difference=-1964 kJ, 95% confidence interval -1645 kJ, -2281 kJ; P<0.01). Systemic concentrations of peptide tyrosine-tyrosine and leptin were lower during the afternoon following morning fasting (P⩽0.06). Plasma-acylated ghrelin concentrations were also lower following the ad libitum lunch in the fasting trial (P<0.05) but this effect was not apparent for total ghrelin (P⩾0.1). Serum insulin concentrations were greater throughout the afternoon in the fasting trial (P=0.05), with plasma glucose also greater 1 h after lunch (P<0.01). Extended morning fasting did not result in greater appetite ratings after lunch, with some tendency for lower appetite 3 h post lunch (P=0.09).ConclusionsWe demonstrate for the first time that, in obese adults, extended morning fasting does not cause compensatory intake during an ad libitum lunch nor does it increase appetite during the afternoon. Morning fasting reduced satiety hormone responses to a subsequent lunch meal but counterintuitively also reduced concentrations of the appetite-stimulating hormone-acylated ghrelin during the afternoon relative to lunch consumed after breakfast.

Dataset Information

Increased 24-hour ad libitum food intake is associated with lower plasma irisin concentrations the following morning in adult humans.

Publications

Increased 24-hour ad libitum food intake is associated with lower plasma irisin concentrations the following morning in adult humans.

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