Dataset Information

Wound Area Measurement with Digital Planimetry: Improved Accuracy and Precision with Calibration Based on 2 Rulers.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

In the treatment of chronic wounds the wound surface area change over time is useful parameter in assessment of the applied therapy plan. The more precise the method of wound area measurement the earlier may be identified and changed inappropriate treatment plan. Digital planimetry may be used in wound area measurement and therapy assessment when it is properly used, but the common problem is the camera lens orientation during the taking of a picture. The camera lens axis should be perpendicular to the wound plane, and if it is not, the measured area differ from the true area.

Results

Current study shows that the use of 2 rulers placed in parallel below and above the wound for the calibration increases on average 3.8 times the precision of area measurement in comparison to the measurement with one ruler used for calibration. The proposed procedure of calibration increases also 4 times accuracy of area measurement. It was also showed that wound area range and camera type do not influence the precision of area measurement with digital planimetry based on two ruler calibration, however the measurements based on smartphone camera were significantly less accurate than these based on D-SLR or compact cameras. Area measurement on flat surface was more precise with the digital planimetry with 2 rulers than performed with the Visitrak device, the Silhouette Mobile device or the AreaMe software-based method.

Conclusion

The calibration in digital planimetry with using 2 rulers remarkably increases precision and accuracy of measurement and therefore should be recommended instead of calibration based on single ruler.

SUBMITTER: Foltynski P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4529141 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Wound Area Measurement with Digital Planimetry: Improved Accuracy and Precision with Calibration Based on 2 Rulers.

Foltynski Piotr P Ladyzynski Piotr P Ciechanowska Anna A Migalska-Musial Karolina K Judzewicz Grzegorz G Sabalinska Stanislawa S

PloS one 20150807 8

<h4>Introduction</h4>In the treatment of chronic wounds the wound surface area change over time is useful parameter in assessment of the applied therapy plan. The more precise the method of wound area measurement the earlier may be identified and changed inappropriate treatment plan. Digital planimetry may be used in wound area measurement and therapy assessment when it is properly used, but the common problem is the camera lens orientation during the taking of a picture. The camera lens axis sh ...[more]

PMID: 26252747

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Project description:IntroductionWound surface area measurement is important as therapeutic decisions may depend on the change of wound surface area over time. Digital planimetry is a popular technique in wound area measurement. It is accurate and repeatable when calibration is performed with 2 rulers placed at opposite sides of a wound. The aim of the current study was improving accuracy and precision of wound area measurement using capabilities of smart devices.MethodsThe correction of area measurement based on calculated camera tilt angle and the calculation of calibration coefficient of linear dimensions as weighted average were proposed. These and other improvements were applied in the Planimator app for Android, which was then used in the study. Accuracy and precision of the Planimator app were compared to the Visitrak device, the SilhouetteMobile device, the AreaMe software, and to the digital planimetry based on 2-ruler calibration with pictures taken by the smartphone, compact, and D-SLR cameras. Areas of 40 wound shapes of area ranged from 0.14 to 31.72 cm2 were measured with each device. Medians of relative errors (REs) were compared in the accuracy tests and standard deviations (SDs) of relative differences (RDs) were compared in the tests of precision.ResultsThe median of REs for the Planimator app was not significantly different from the medians of REs for the digital planimetry based on pictures from the compact or D-SLR cameras, but it was significantly lower than the medians of REs for the Visitrak and SilhouetteMobile devices, the AreaMe software and the digital planimetry based on pictures from a smartphone camera. The SD of RDs for the Planimator app was not significantly different from the SDs of RDs for the digital planimetry based on pictures from the compact or D-SLR cameras, but it was significantly lower than the SDs of RDs for the Visitrak and SilhouetteMobile devices, the AreaMe software and the digital planimetry based on pictures from a smartphone camera. The Planimator app installed at a smartphone revealed to be 2-fold more accurate and 1.5-fold more precise than the measurements with using ImageJ software based on pictures taken with the same smartphone.ConclusionsThe Planimator app occurred to have the same accuracy and precision as measurements with digital planimetry with 2-ruler calibration and based on pictures from a compact camera or a D-SLR camera. This app showed better accuracy and precision than the Visitrak and SilhouetteMobile devices, the AreaMe software and the digital planimetry based on pictures from a smartphone camera.

Project description:BackgroundCurrent wound assessment practices are lacking on several measures. For example, the most common method for measuring wound size is using a ruler, which has been demonstrated to be crude and inaccurate. An increase in periwound temperature is a classic sign of infection but skin temperature is not always measured during wound assessments. To address this, we have developed a smartphone application that enables non-contact wound surface area and temperature measurements. Here we evaluate the inter-rater reliability and accuracy of this novel point-of-care wound assessment tool.Methods and findingsThe wounds of 87 patients were measured using the Swift Wound app and a ruler. The skin surface temperature of 37 patients was also measured using an infrared FLIR™ camera integrated with the Swift Wound app and using the clinically accepted reference thermometer Exergen DermaTemp 1001. Accuracy measurements were determined by assessing differences in surface area measurements of 15 plastic wounds between a digital planimeter of known accuracy and the Swift Wound app. To evaluate the impact of training on the reproducibility of the Swift Wound app measurements, three novice raters with no wound care training, measured the length, width and area of 12 plastic model wounds using the app. High inter-rater reliabilities (ICC = 0.97-1.00) and high accuracies were obtained using the Swift Wound app across raters of different levels of training in wound care. The ruler method also yielded reliable wound measurements (ICC = 0.92-0.97), albeit lower than that of the Swift Wound app. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference between the temperature differences measured using the infrared camera and the clinically tested reference thermometer.ConclusionsThe Swift Wound app provides highly reliable and accurate wound measurements. The FLIR™ infrared camera integrated into the Swift Wound app provides skin temperature readings equivalent to the clinically tested reference thermometer. Thus, the Swift Wound app has the advantage of being a non-contact, easy-to-use wound measurement tool that allows clinicians to image, measure, and track wound size and temperature from one visit to the next. In addition, this tool may also be used by patients and their caregivers for home monitoring.

Dataset Information

Wound Area Measurement with Digital Planimetry: Improved Accuracy and Precision with Calibration Based on 2 Rulers.

Introduction

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Wound Area Measurement with Digital Planimetry: Improved Accuracy and Precision with Calibration Based on 2 Rulers.

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