Dataset Information

Heavier smoking may lead to a relative increase in waist circumference: evidence for a causal relationship from a Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis. The CARTA consortium.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To investigate, using a Mendelian randomisation approach, whether heavier smoking is associated with a range of regional adiposity phenotypes, in particular those related to abdominal adiposity. DESIGN:Mendelian randomisation meta-analyses using a genetic variant (rs16969968/rs1051730 in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene region) as a proxy for smoking heaviness, of the associations of smoking heaviness with a range of adiposity phenotypes. PARTICIPANTS:148,731 current, former and never-smokers of European ancestry aged ? 16 years from 29 studies in the consortium for Causal Analysis Research in Tobacco and Alcohol (CARTA). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Waist and hip circumferences, and waist-hip ratio. RESULTS:The data included up to 66,809 never-smokers, 43,009 former smokers and 38,913 current daily cigarette smokers. Among current smokers, for each extra minor allele, the geometric mean was lower for waist circumference by -0.40% (95% CI -0.57% to -0.22%), with effects on hip circumference, waist-hip ratio and body mass index (BMI) being -0.31% (95% CI -0.42% to -0.19), -0.08% (-0.19% to 0.03%) and -0.74% (-0.96% to -0.51%), respectively. In contrast, among never-smokers, these effects were higher by 0.23% (0.09% to 0.36%), 0.17% (0.08% to 0.26%), 0.07% (-0.01% to 0.15%) and 0.35% (0.18% to 0.52%), respectively. When adjusting the three central adiposity measures for BMI, the effects among current smokers changed direction and were higher by 0.14% (0.05% to 0.22%) for waist circumference, 0.02% (-0.05% to 0.08%) for hip circumference and 0.10% (0.02% to 0.19%) for waist-hip ratio, for each extra minor allele. CONCLUSIONS:For a given BMI, a gene variant associated with increased cigarette consumption was associated with increased waist circumference. Smoking in an effort to control weight may lead to accumulation of central adiposity.

SUBMITTER: Morris RW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4538266 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heavier smoking may lead to a relative increase in waist circumference: evidence for a causal relationship from a Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis. The CARTA consortium.

Morris Richard W RW Taylor Amy E AE Fluharty Meg E ME Bjørngaard Johan H JH Åsvold Bjørn Olav BO Elvestad Gabrielsen Maiken M Campbell Archie A Marioni Riccardo R Kumari Meena M Korhonen Tellervo T Männistö Satu S Marques-Vidal Pedro P Kaakinen Marika M Cavadino Alana A Postmus Iris I Husemoen Lise Lotte N LL Skaaby Tea T Ahluwalia Tarun Veer Singh TV Treur Jorien L JL Willemsen Gonneke G Dale Caroline C Wannamethee S Goya SG Lahti Jari J Palotie Aarno A Räikkönen Katri K McConnachie Alex A Padmanabhan Sandosh S Wong Andrew A Dalgård Christine C Paternoster Lavinia L Ben-Shlomo Yoav Y Tyrrell Jessica J Horwood John J Fergusson David M DM Kennedy Martin A MA Nohr Ellen A EA Christiansen Lene L Kyvik Kirsten Ohm KO Kuh Diana D Watt Graham G Eriksson Johan G JG Whincup Peter H PH Vink Jacqueline M JM Boomsma Dorret I DI Davey Smith George G Lawlor Debbie D Linneberg Allan A Ford Ian I Jukema J Wouter JW Power Chris C Hyppönen Elina E Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta MR Preisig Martin M Borodulin Katja K Kaprio Jaakko J Kivimaki Mika M Smith Blair H BH Hayward Caroline C Romundstad Pål R PR Sørensen Thorkild I A TI Munafò Marcus R MR Sattar Naveed N

BMJ open 20150811 8

<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate, using a Mendelian randomisation approach, whether heavier smoking is associated with a range of regional adiposity phenotypes, in particular those related to abdominal adiposity.<h4>Design</h4>Mendelian randomisation meta-analyses using a genetic variant (rs16969968/rs1051730 in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene region) as a proxy for smoking heaviness, of the associations of smoking heaviness with a range of adiposity phenotypes.<h4>Participants</h4>148,731 curren ...[more]

PMID: 26264275

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Project description:ObjectivesTo investigate whether associations of smoking with depression and anxiety are likely to be causal, using a Mendelian randomisation approach.DesignMendelian randomisation meta-analyses using a genetic variant (rs16969968/rs1051730) as a proxy for smoking heaviness, and observational meta-analyses of the associations of smoking status and smoking heaviness with depression, anxiety and psychological distress.ParticipantsCurrent, former and never smokers of European ancestry aged ≥16 years from 25 studies in the Consortium for Causal Analysis Research in Tobacco and Alcohol (CARTA).Primary outcome measuresBinary definitions of depression, anxiety and psychological distress assessed by clinical interview, symptom scales or self-reported recall of clinician diagnosis.ResultsThe analytic sample included up to 58 176 never smokers, 37 428 former smokers and 32 028 current smokers (total N=127 632). In observational analyses, current smokers had 1.85 times greater odds of depression (95% CI 1.65 to 2.07), 1.71 times greater odds of anxiety (95% CI 1.54 to 1.90) and 1.69 times greater odds of psychological distress (95% CI 1.56 to 1.83) than never smokers. Former smokers also had greater odds of depression, anxiety and psychological distress than never smokers. There was evidence for positive associations of smoking heaviness with depression, anxiety and psychological distress (ORs per cigarette per day: 1.03 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.04), 1.03 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.04) and 1.02 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.03) respectively). In Mendelian randomisation analyses, there was no strong evidence that the minor allele of rs16969968/rs1051730 was associated with depression (OR=1.00, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.05), anxiety (OR=1.02, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.07) or psychological distress (OR=1.02, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.06) in current smokers. Results were similar for former smokers.ConclusionsFindings from Mendelian randomisation analyses do not support a causal role of smoking heaviness in the development of depression and anxiety.

Dataset Information

Heavier smoking may lead to a relative increase in waist circumference: evidence for a causal relationship from a Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis. The CARTA consortium.

Publications

Heavier smoking may lead to a relative increase in waist circumference: evidence for a causal relationship from a Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis. The CARTA consortium.

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