Dataset Information

Variability in surgical quality in a phase III clinical trial of radical cystectomy in patients with organ-confined, node-negative urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

ABSTRACT: Previous studies have shown that variability in surgical technique can affect the outcomes of cooperative group trials. We analyzed measures of surgical quality and clinical outcomes in patients enrolled in the p53-MVAC trial.We performed a post-hoc analysis of patients with pT1-T2N0M0 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder following radical cystectomy (RC) and bilateral pelvic and iliac lymphadenectomy (LND). Measures of surgical quality were examined for associations with time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival (OS).We reviewed operative and/or pathology reports for 440 patients from 35 sites. We found that only 31% of patients met all suggested trial eligibility criteria of having ?15 lymph nodes identified in the pathologic specimen (LN#) and having undergone both extended and presacral LND. There was no association between extent of LND, LN#, or presacral LND and TTR or OS after adjustment for confounders and multiple testing.We demonstrated that there was substantial variability in surgical technique within a cooperative group trial. Despite explicit entry criteria, many patients did not undergo per-protocol LNDs. While outcomes were not apparently affected, it is nonetheless evident that careful attention to study design and quality monitoring will be critical to successful future trials.

SUBMITTER: Mata DA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4602027 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Variability in surgical quality in a phase III clinical trial of radical cystectomy in patients with organ-confined, node-negative urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Mata Douglas A DA Groshen Susan S Von Rundstedt Friedrich-Carl FC Skinner Donald G DG Stadler Walter M WM Cote Richard J RJ Stein John P JP Lerner Seth P SP

Journal of surgical oncology 20150414 7

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Previous studies have shown that variability in surgical technique can affect the outcomes of cooperative group trials. We analyzed measures of surgical quality and clinical outcomes in patients enrolled in the p53-MVAC trial.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a post-hoc analysis of patients with pT1-T2N0M0 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder following radical cystectomy (RC) and bilateral pelvic and iliac lymphadenectomy (LND). Measures of surgical quality were exami ...[more]

PMID: 25873574

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Project description:Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with better clinical outcomes in many tumors. TILs represent a cell-mediated immune response against the carcinoma. CD8+ TILs are a crucial component of cell-mediated immunity. The significance of CD8+ TILs has not been reported respectively in organ- and non-organ-confined urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder. We explored the prognostic value of CD8+ TILs in the two groups. The presence of CD8+ TILs was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of whole tissue sections from 75 organ and 51 non-organ-confined disease patients with long-term follow-up, and its correlation with clinicopathological features and overall survival (OS) was determined. The CD8+ TIL immunohistochemical staining score was 0 (<1%), 1 (≥1%), 2 (≥5%), or 3 (≥10%) based on the percentage of positively stained cells out of total cells. A patient was considered CD8 negative if the score was 0. There were no associations between CD8+ TILs and age, sex, nuclear grade, and adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy in organ- and non-organ-confined disease. The presence of CD8+ TILs was seen more frequently in pTa-1 than pT2 stage (p = 0.033) in organ-confined disease. No associations between CD8+ TILs and pT stage, pN stage were found in non-organ-confined disease. CD8+ TILs were associated with better OS (log-rank test, P = 0.036) in non-organ-confined disease, but with poorer OS (log-rank test, P = 0.040) in organ-confined disease by the Kaplan-Meier method. In multivariate analysis, CD8+ TILs were an independent favorable prognostic factor in non-organ-confined disease, but were an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in organ-confined disease. These results suggest that CD8+ TILs have clinically significant anti-tumor activity in non-organ-confined disease, but may have pro-tumor activity in organ-confined disease. Therefore, we should be cautious if CD8+ TILs are aimed to be exploited in the treatment of bladder cancer.

Project description:The number of lymph node dissections (LNDs) is an independent factor influencing the survival time of patients with bladder cancer (BCa) after radical resection (RC). The present study aimed to investigate the association between the number of LNDs and the survival of patients with BCa at different stages and who underwent RC in the United States of America and China. Records from 17,730 American patients with BCa and 158 Chinese patients with BCa were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) and the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital (China) databases, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curve and χ2 test were used to determine the overall survival time (OS) of patients with BCa. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of LND number on OS. Overall, 13,421 (75.7%) patients were negative for lymph node metastasis (N0) and 4,309 (24.3%) were positive for lymph node metastasis (N+) among the 17,730 American patients with BCa. In the group of 158 Chinese patients, 125 (79.1%) were N0 and 33 (20.9%) were N+. In the American patients, the median number of dissected nodes was 11.0 [interquartile range (IQR)=3.0-21.0] for N0 patients and 14.0 (IQR=8.0-23.0) for N+ patients. The median number of LNDs was 5.0 (IQR=2.0-7.0) for Chinese N0 patients and 5.0 (IQR=1.5-10.5) for Chinese N+ patients. The number of LNDs may therefore be an independent factor associated with survival in patients who underwent RC. Furthermore, a higher number of LNDs was associated with longer OS in patients with BCa [American patients, ≥13 nodes vs. ≤5 nodes, hazard ratio (HR)=0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.59-0.65, P<0.001; Chinese patients, ≥5 nodes vs. ≤1 node, HR=0.27, 95% CI=0.12-0.62, P=0.002]. The number of LNDs in patients with BCa and N+ was higher compared with number of LNDs in patients with BCa and N0 who underwent RC. More extensive LND improved the OS in both the patients from USA and China. Increasing the number of LNDs may therefore be crucial when treating patients with BCa.

Dataset Information

Variability in surgical quality in a phase III clinical trial of radical cystectomy in patients with organ-confined, node-negative urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Publications

Variability in surgical quality in a phase III clinical trial of radical cystectomy in patients with organ-confined, node-negative urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

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