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Cardiac Purkinje fibers and arrhythmias; The GK Moe Award Lecture 2015.

ABSTRACT: Purkinje fibers/cells continue to be a focus of arrhythmologists. Here we review several new ideas that have emerged in the literature and fold them into important new points. These points include the following: some proteins in Purkinje cells are specific to Purkinjes; pacemaker function in Purkinje may be similar to that of the sinus node cell; sink-source concerns about tracts/sheets of Purkinje fibers; role of Ito in arrhythmias; and genetic lesions in Purkinjes and their high impact on cardiac rhythm. Although new ideas about the remodeled Purkinje cell are not the focus of this review, one can easily imagine how Purkinjes and their function may be altered in diseased hearts.

SUBMITTER: Boyden PA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4879678 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cardiac Purkinje fibers and arrhythmias; The GK Moe Award Lecture 2015.

Boyden Penelope A PA Dun Wen W Robinson Richard B RB

Heart rhythm 20160113 5

Purkinje fibers/cells continue to be a focus of arrhythmologists. Here we review several new ideas that have emerged in the literature and fold them into important new points. These points include the following: some proteins in Purkinje cells are specific to Purkinjes; pacemaker function in Purkinje may be similar to that of the sinus node cell; sink-source concerns about tracts/sheets of Purkinje fibers; role of Ito in arrhythmias; and genetic lesions in Purkinjes and their high impact on card ...[more]

PMID: 26775142

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Project description:A crucial issue in understanding cerebellar function is the interaction between simple spike (SS) and complex spike (CS) discharge, the two fundamentally different activity modalities of Purkinje cells. Although several hypotheses have provided insights into the interaction, none fully explains or is completely consistent with the spectrum of experimental observations. Here, we show that during a pseudo-random manual tracking task in the monkey (Macaca mulatta), climbing fiber discharge dynamically controls the information present in the SS firing, triggering robust and rapid changes in the SS encoding of motor signals in 67% of Purkinje cells. The changes in encoding, tightly coupled to CS occurrences, consist of either increases or decreases in the SS sensitivity to kinematics or position errors and are not due to differences in SS firing rates or variability. Nor are the changes in sensitivity due to CS rhythmicity. In addition, the CS-coupled changes in encoding are not evoked by changes in kinematics or position errors. Instead, CS discharge most often leads alterations in behavior. Increases in SS encoding of a kinematic parameter are associated with larger changes in that parameter than are decreases in SS encoding. Increases in SS encoding of position error are followed by and scale with decreases in error. The results suggest a novel function of CSs, in which climbing fiber input dynamically controls the state of Purkinje cell SS encoding in advance of changes in behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Purkinje cells, the sole output of the cerebellar cortex, manifest two fundamentally different activity modalities, complex spike (CS) discharge and simple spike (SS) firing. Elucidating cerebellar function will require an understanding of the interactions, both short- and long-term, between CS and SS firing. This study shows that CSs dynamically control the information encoded in a Purkinje cell's SS activity by rapidly increasing or decreasing the SS sensitivity to kinematics and/or performance errors independent of firing rate. In many cases, the CS-coupled shift in SS encoding leads a change in behavior. These novel findings on the interaction between CS and SS firing provide for a new hypothesis in which climbing fiber input adjusts the encoding of SS information in advance of a change in behavior.

Dataset Information

Cardiac Purkinje fibers and arrhythmias; The GK Moe Award Lecture 2015.

Publications

Cardiac Purkinje fibers and arrhythmias; The GK Moe Award Lecture 2015.

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