Dataset Information

Smaller Dentate Gyrus and CA2 and CA3 Volumes Are Associated with Kynurenine Metabolites in Collegiate Football Athletes.

ABSTRACT: An imbalance in kynurenine pathway metabolism is hypothesized to be associated with dysregulated glutamatergic neurotransmission, which has been proposed as a mechanism underlying the hippocampal volume loss observed in a variety of neurological disorders. Pre-clinical models suggest that the CA2-3 and dentate gyrus hippocampal subfields are particularly susceptible to excitotoxicity after experimental traumatic brain injury. We tested the hypothesis that smaller hippocampal volumes in collegiate football athletes with (n?=?25) and without (n?=?24) a concussion history would be most evident in the dentate gyrus and CA2-3 subfields relative to nonfootball healthy controls (n?=?27). Further, we investigated whether the concentration of peripheral levels of kynurenine metabolites are altered in football athletes. Football athletes with and without a self-reported concussion history had smaller dentate gyrus (p?

SUBMITTER: Meier TB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4931724 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Smaller Dentate Gyrus and CA2 and CA3 Volumes Are Associated with Kynurenine Metabolites in Collegiate Football Athletes.

Meier Timothy B TB Savitz Jonathan J Singh Rashmi R Teague T Kent TK Bellgowan Patrick S F PS

Journal of neurotrauma 20160113 14

An imbalance in kynurenine pathway metabolism is hypothesized to be associated with dysregulated glutamatergic neurotransmission, which has been proposed as a mechanism underlying the hippocampal volume loss observed in a variety of neurological disorders. Pre-clinical models suggest that the CA2-3 and dentate gyrus hippocampal subfields are particularly susceptible to excitotoxicity after experimental traumatic brain injury. We tested the hypothesis that smaller hippocampal volumes in collegiat ...[more]

PMID: 26493952

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Project description:Background Ventricular-arterial (VA) coupling is defined as the ratio between arterial elastance (EA) and left ventricular elastance (ELV). VA uncoupling, as occurs in hypertensive heart disease, is associated with adverse outcomes. This study sought to determine the relationship between American football (AF)-associated hypertension and VA uncoupling. Methods and Results This was a multicenter, longitudinal, and repeated measures observational study of collegiate AF athletes across 3 years of AF participation. Of 200 freshman athletes initially enrolled, 142 (67 Black [47%]/75 White [53%], 58 linemen [41%]/84 nonlinemen [59%]) were prospectively studied with echocardiography and applanation tonometry. Primary echocardiographic VA coupling outcome measures were EA/ELV and ΔEA/ELV, with increased EA/ELV indicating VA uncoupling. Adjusting for race and player position, AF athletes demonstrated increased EA/ELV (mean [95% CI]Δ, 0.10 [0.04-0.15]; P=0.001) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mean [95% CI]Δ, 11.4 [8.3-14.5] mm Hg, P<0.001) over their collegiate AF careers. In combination with longitudinal VA uncoupling, hypertension prevalence (including both stage 1 and 2) increased from 54% at baseline to 77% (44% stage 2) at the end of the study period (P<0.001). In multivariable mixed-effects linear regression analysis, higher SBP (β=0.021, P=0.02), lower E' (β=-0.010, P=0.03), and worse global longitudinal strain (β=0.036, P<0.001) were associated with higher EA/ELV. Increased SBP (ΔSBP, β=0.029, P=0.02) and worsened global longitudinal strain (Δglobal longitudinal strain, β=0.045, P<0.001) also predicted increased ΔEA/ELV. Conclusions VA uncoupling is associated with pathologically increased SBP and subclinical impairments in left ventricular systolic function in collegiate AF athletes, indicating a key mechanism underlying maladaptive cardiovascular phenotypes observed in this population. Future studies analyzing whether targeted clinical interventions improve VA coupling and health outcomes are warranted.

Dataset Information

Smaller Dentate Gyrus and CA2 and CA3 Volumes Are Associated with Kynurenine Metabolites in Collegiate Football Athletes.

Publications

Smaller Dentate Gyrus and CA2 and CA3 Volumes Are Associated with Kynurenine Metabolites in Collegiate Football Athletes.

Similar Datasets

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