Dataset Information

Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES-Reykjavik Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

the prevalence of sarcopenia increases with age. Physical activity might slow the rate of muscle loss and therewith the incidence of sarcopenia.

Objective

to examine the association of physical activity with incident sarcopenia over a 5-year period.

Design

data from the population-based Age, Gene/Environment, Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study were used.

Setting

people residing in the Reykjavik area at the start of the study.

Subjects

the study included people aged 66-93 years (n = 2309).

Methods

the amount of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Sarcopenia was identified using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People algorithm, including muscle mass (computed tomography imaging), grip strength (computerised dynamometer) and gait speed (6 m).

Results

mean age of the participants was 74.9 ± 4.7 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 7.3% at baseline and 16.8% at follow-up. The incidence proportion of sarcopenia over 5 years was 14.8% in the least-active individuals and 9.0% in the most-active individuals. Compared with the least-active participants, those reporting a moderate-high amount of MVPA had a significantly lower likelihood of incident sarcopenia (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.45-0.91). Participants with a high amount of MVPA had higher baseline levels of muscle mass, strength and walking speed, but baseline MVPA was not associated with the rate of muscle loss.

Conclusion

a higher amount of MVPA seems to contribute to counteracting the development of sarcopenia. To delay the onset of sarcopenia and its potential adverse outcomes, attention should be paid to increasing physical activity levels in older adults.

SUBMITTER: Mijnarends DM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5027639 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES-Reykjavik Study.

Mijnarends Donja M DM Koster Annemarie A Schols Jos M G A JM Meijers Judith M M JM Halfens Ruud J G RJ Gudnason Vilmundur V Eiriksdottir Gudny G Siggeirsdottir Kristin K Sigurdsson Sigurdur S Jónsson Pálmi V PV Meirelles Osorio O Harris Tamara T

Age and ageing 20160517 5

<h4>Background</h4>the prevalence of sarcopenia increases with age. Physical activity might slow the rate of muscle loss and therewith the incidence of sarcopenia.<h4>Objective</h4>to examine the association of physical activity with incident sarcopenia over a 5-year period.<h4>Design</h4>data from the population-based Age, Gene/Environment, Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study were used.<h4>Setting</h4>people residing in the Reykjavik area at the start of the study.<h4>Subjects</h4>the study included ...[more]

PMID: 27189729

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Project description:BackgroundStudies on the association of cerebrovascular risk factors to magnetic resonance imaging detected brain infarcts have been inconsistent, partly reflecting limits of assessment to infarcts anywhere in the brain, as opposed to specific brain regions. We hypothesized that risk-factors may differ depending on where the infarct is located in subcortical-, cortical-, and cerebellar regions.MethodsParticipants (n=2662, mean age 74.6±4.8) from the longitudinal population-based AGES (Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility)-Reykjavik Study underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and on average 5.2 years later. We assessed the number and location of brain infarcts (prevalent versus incident). We estimated the risk-ratios of prevalent (PRR) and incident (IRR) infarcts by baseline cerebrovascular risk-factors using Poisson regression.ResultsThirty-one percent of the study participants had prevalent brain infarcts and 21% developed new infarcts over 5 years. Prevalent subcortical infarcts were associated with hypertension (PRR, 2.7 [95% CI, 1.1-6.8]), systolic blood pressure (PRR, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.4]), and diabetes (PRR, 2.8 [95% CI, 1.9-4.1]); incident subcortical infarcts were associated with systolic (IRR, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.0-1.4]) and diastolic (IRR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.0-1.6]) blood pressure. Prevalent and incident cortical infarcts were associated with carotid plaques (PRR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.3-2.5] and IRR, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.3-2.9], respectively), and atrial fibrillation was significantly associated with prevalent cortical infarcts (PRR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.2-2.7]). Risk-factors for prevalent cerebellar infarcts included hypertension (PRR, 2.45 [95% CI, 1.5-4.0]), carotid plaques (PRR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.2-1.8]), and migraine with aura (PRR, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.1-2.2]). Incident cerebellar infarcts were only associated with any migraine (IRR, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.0-2.0]).ConclusionsThe risk for subcortical infarcts tends to increase with small vessel disease risk-factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Risk for cortical infarcts tends to increase with atherosclerotic/coronary processes and risk for cerebellar infarcts with a more mixed profile of factors. Assessment of risk-factors by location of asymptomatic infarcts found on magnetic resonance imaging may improve the ability to target and optimize preventive therapeutic approaches to prevent stroke.

Dataset Information

Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES-Reykjavik Study.

Background

Objective

Design

Setting

Subjects

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES-Reykjavik Study.

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