Dataset Information

Arabidopsis CaM1 and CaM4 Promote Nitric Oxide Production and Salt Resistance by Inhibiting S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase via Direct Binding.

ABSTRACT: Salt is a major threat to plant growth and crop productivity. Calmodulin (CaM), the most important multifunctional Ca2+ sensor protein in plants, mediates reactions against environmental stresses through target proteins; however, direct proof of the participation of CaM in salt tolerance and its corresponding signaling pathway in vivo is lacking. In this study, we found that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 produced salt-responsive CaM isoforms according to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses; this result was verified based on a phenotypic analysis of salt-treated loss-of-function mutant and transgenic plants. We also found that the level of nitric oxide (NO), an important salt-responsive signaling molecule, varied in response to salt treatment depending on AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 expression. GSNOR is considered as an important and widely utilized regulatory component of NO homeostasis in plant resistance protein signaling networks. In vivo and in vitro protein-protein interaction assays revealed direct binding between AtCaM4 and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), leading to reduced GSNOR activity and an increased NO level. Overexpression of GSNOR intensified the salt sensitivity of cam4 mutant plants accompanied by a reduced internal NO level, whereas a gsnor deficiency increased the salt tolerance of cam4 plants accompanied by an increased internal NO level. Physiological experiments showed that CaM4-GSNOR, acting through NO, reestablished the ion balance to increase plant resistance to salt stress. Together, these data suggest that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 serve as signals in plant salt resistance by promoting NO accumulation through the binding and inhibition of GSNOR. This could be a conserved defensive signaling pathway in plants and animals.

SUBMITTER: Zhou S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5042403 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Arabidopsis CaM1 and CaM4 Promote Nitric Oxide Production and Salt Resistance by Inhibiting S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase via Direct Binding.

Zhou Shuo S Jia Lixiu L Chu Hongye H Wu Dan D Peng Xuan X Liu Xu X Zhang Jiaojiao J Zhao Junfeng J Chen Kunming K Zhao Liqun L

PLoS genetics 20160929 9

Salt is a major threat to plant growth and crop productivity. Calmodulin (CaM), the most important multifunctional Ca2+ sensor protein in plants, mediates reactions against environmental stresses through target proteins; however, direct proof of the participation of CaM in salt tolerance and its corresponding signaling pathway in vivo is lacking. In this study, we found that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 produced salt-responsive CaM isoforms according to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reac ...[more]

PMID: 27684709

Similar Datasets

Project description:It has been previously demonstrated that copper-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) accelerate formation of the therapeutically active molecule nitric oxide (NO) from S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs). Because RSNOs are naturally present in blood, this function is hypothesized to permit the controlled production of NO through use of MOF-based blood-contacting materials. The practical implementation of MOFs in this application typically requires incorporation within a polymer support, yet this immobilization has been shown to impair the ability of the MOF to interact with the NO-forming RSNO substrate. Here, the water-stable, copper-based MOF H3[(Cu4Cl)3-(BTTri)8] (H3BTTri = 1,3,5-tris(1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)benzene), or Cu-BTTri, was incorporated within the naturally derived polysaccharide chitosan to form membranes that were evaluated for their ability to enhance NO generation from the RSNO S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). This is the first report to evaluate MOF-induced NO release from GSNO, the most abundant small-molecule RSNO. At a 20 μM initial GSNO concentration (pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline, 37 °C), chitosan/Cu-BTTri membranes induced the release of 97 ± 3% of theoretical NO within approximately 4 h, corresponding to a 65-fold increase over the baseline thermal decomposition of GSNO. Furthermore, incorporation of Cu-BTTri within hydrophilic chitosan did not impair the activity of the MOF, unlike earlier efforts using hydrophobic polyurethane or poly(vinyl chloride). The reuse of the membranes continued to enhance NO production from GSNO in subsequent experiments, suggesting the potential for continued use. Additionally, the major organic product of Cu-BTTri-promoted GSNO decomposition was identified as oxidized glutathione via mass spectrometry, confirming prior hypotheses. Structural analysis by pXRD and assessment of copper leaching by ICP-AES indicated that Cu-BTTri retains crystallinity and exhibits no significant degradation following exposure to GSNO. Taken together, these findings provide insight into the function and utility of polymer/Cu-BTTri systems and may support the development of future MOF-based biomaterials.

Dataset Information

Arabidopsis CaM1 and CaM4 Promote Nitric Oxide Production and Salt Resistance by Inhibiting S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase via Direct Binding.

Publications

Arabidopsis CaM1 and CaM4 Promote Nitric Oxide Production and Salt Resistance by Inhibiting S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase via Direct Binding.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets