Dataset Information

Molecular surveillance on Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in non-elderly adults; little evidence for pneumococcal circulation independent from the reservoir in children.

ABSTRACT: Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults is rarely detected by the gold standard culture method. With molecular tests of high sensitivity now available, we analysed upper respiratory tract samples collected during autumn/winter 2012/2013 from parents of PCV7-vaccinated infants and from childless adults, directly comparing culture and qPCR-based S. pneumoniae detection. As compared to the gold standard of testing nasopharyngeal swabs, qPCR-based analysis of oral samples significantly improved detection of pneumococcal carriage (5% versus 20%, p?

SUBMITTER: Wyllie AL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5054371 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular surveillance on Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in non-elderly adults; little evidence for pneumococcal circulation independent from the reservoir in children.

Wyllie Anne L AL Rümke Lidewij W LW Arp Kayleigh K Bosch Astrid A T M AATM Bruin Jacob P JP Rots Nynke Y NY Wijmenga-Monsuur Alienke J AJ Sanders Elisabeth A M EAM Trzciński Krzysztof K

Scientific reports 20161007

Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults is rarely detected by the gold standard culture method. With molecular tests of high sensitivity now available, we analysed upper respiratory tract samples collected during autumn/winter 2012/2013 from parents of PCV7-vaccinated infants and from childless adults, directly comparing culture and qPCR-based S. pneumoniae detection. As compared to the gold standard of testing nasopharyngeal swabs, qPCR-based analysis of oral samples significantly improv ...[more]

PMID: 27713565

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Project description:We aimed to investigate the nasopharyngeal colonization (NPC) by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus in the elderly population and to assess the demographic factors associated with NPC. This was an observational cohort study in which outpatients aged ?60 years were enrolled from April to August 2017, with a follow-up visit from September through December 2017. Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs were collected, bacteria were detected and isolated, and isolates were subjected to phenotypic and molecular characterization using standard microbiological techniques. At enrolment, the rates of S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), H. influenzae, and S. pneumoniae among 776 elderly outpatients were 15.9%, 2.3%, 2.5%, and 2.2%, respectively. Toxin production was detected in 21.1% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, and three SCCmec types were identified: II/IIb, IVa, and VI. At the follow-up visit, all carriage rates were similar (p > 0.05) to the rates at enrolment. Most of S. pneumoniae serotypes were not included in pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), except for 7F, 3, and 19A. All strains of H. influenzae were non-typeable. Previous use of antibiotics and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (p < 0.05) were risk factors for S. aureus and MRSA carriage; S. aureus colonization was also associated with chronic kidney disease (p = 0.021). S. pneumoniae carriage was associated with male gender (p = 0.032) and an absence of diabetes (p = 0.034), while not receiving an influenza vaccine (p = 0.049) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.031) were risk factors for H. influenzae colonization. The frailty of study participants was not associated with colonization status. We found a higher S. aureus carriage rate compared with the S. pneumoniae- and H. influenzae-carriage rates in a well-attended population in a geriatric outpatient clinic. This is one of the few studies conducted in Brazil that can support future colonization studies among elderly individuals.

Project description:Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) prevent nasopharyngeal colonization with vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, leading to reduced transmission of pneumococci and stronger population-level impact of PCVs. In 2017 we conducted a cross-sectional pneumococcal carriage study in Indonesia among children aged <5 years before 13-valent PCV (PCV13) introduction. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected during visits to community integrated health service posts at one peri-urban and one rural study site. Specimens were analyzed by culture, and isolates were serotyped using sequential multiplex polymerase chain and Quellung reaction. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed by broth microdilution method. We enrolled 1,007 children in Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta (peri-urban) and 815 in Southwest Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara (rural). Pneumococcal carriage prevalence was 30.9% in Gunungkidul and 87.6% in Southwest Sumba (combined: 56.3%). PCV13 serotypes (VT) carriage was 15.0% in Gunungkidul and 52.6% in Southwest Sumba (combined: 31.8%). Among pneumococcal isolates identified, the most common VT were 6B (16.4%), 19F (15.8%), and 3 (4.6%) in Gunungkidul (N = 323) and 6B (17.6%), 19F (11.0%), and 23F (9.3%) in Southwest Sumba (N = 784). Factors associated with pneumococcal carriage were age (1-2 years adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.5; 3-4 years aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1; reference <1 year), other children <5 years old in the household (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.0), and presence of ≥1 respiratory illness symptom (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.2). Overall, 61.5% of the pneumococcal isolates were non-susceptible to ≥1 antibiotic class and 13.2% were multi-drug non-susceptible (MDNS) (non-susceptible to ≥3 classes of antibiotics). Among 602 VT isolates, 73.9% were non-susceptible and 19.9% were MDNS. These findings are critical to establish a pre-PCV13 carriage prevalence and demonstrate the complexity in evaluating the impact of PCV13 introduction in Indonesia given the wide variability in the carriage prevalence as shown by the two study sites.

Dataset Information

Molecular surveillance on Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in non-elderly adults; little evidence for pneumococcal circulation independent from the reservoir in children.

Publications

Molecular surveillance on Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in non-elderly adults; little evidence for pneumococcal circulation independent from the reservoir in children.

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