Dataset Information

Neuroimmune Interface in the Comorbidity between Alcohol Use Disorder and Major Depression.

ABSTRACT: Bidirectional communication links operate between the brain and the body. Afferent immune-to-brain signals are capable of inducing changes in mood and behavior. Chronic heavy alcohol drinking, typical of alcohol use disorder (AUD), is one such factor that provokes an immune response in the periphery that, by means of circulatory cytokines and other neuroimmune mediators, ultimately causes alterations in the brain function. Alcohol can also directly impact the immune functions of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Several lines of research have established the contribution of specific inflammatory mediators in the development and progression of depressive illness. Much of the available evidence in this field stems from cross-sectional data on the immune interactions between isolated AUD and major depression (MD). Given their heterogeneity as disease entities with overlapping symptoms and shared neuroimmune correlates, it is no surprise that systemic and CNS inflammation could be a critical determinant of the frequent comorbidity between AUD and MD. This review presents a summary and analysis of the extant literature on neuroimmune interface in the AUD-MD comorbidity.

SUBMITTER: Neupane SP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5186784 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Neuroimmune Interface in the Comorbidity between Alcohol Use Disorder and Major Depression.

Neupane Sudan Prasad SP

Frontiers in immunology 20161227

Bidirectional communication links operate between the brain and the body. Afferent immune-to-brain signals are capable of inducing changes in mood and behavior. Chronic heavy alcohol drinking, typical of alcohol use disorder (AUD), is one such factor that provokes an immune response in the periphery that, by means of circulatory cytokines and other neuroimmune mediators, ultimately causes alterations in the brain function. Alcohol can also directly impact the immune functions of microglia, the r ...[more]

PMID: 28082989

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Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:While the prevalence of major depression is elevated among cannabis users, the role of genetics in this pattern of comorbidity is not clear. This study aimed to estimate the heritability of cannabis use and major depression, quantify the genetic overlap between these two traits and localize regions of the genome that segregate in families with cannabis use and major depression. DESIGN:Family-based univariate and bivariate genetic analysis. SETTING:San Antonio, Texas, USA. PARTICIPANTS:Genetics of Brain Structure and Function study (GOBS) participants: 1284 Mexican Americans from 75 large multi-generation families and an additional 57 genetically unrelated spouses. MEASUREMENTS:Phenotypes of life-time history of cannabis use and major depression, measured using the semistructured MINI-Plus interview. Genotypes measured using ~1 M single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on Illumina BeadChips. A subselection of these SNPs were used to build multi-point identity-by-descent matrices for linkage analysis. FINDINGS:Both cannabis use [h2 = 0.614, P = 1.00 × 10-6 , standard error (SE) = 0.151] and major depression (h2 = 0.349, P = 1.06 × 10-5 , SE = 0.100) are heritable traits, and there is significant genetic correlation between the two (?g = 0.424, P = 0.0364, SE = 0.195). Genome-wide linkage scans identify a significant univariate linkage peak for major depression on chromosome 22 [logarithm of the odds (LOD) = 3.144 at 2 centimorgans (cM)], with a suggestive peak for cannabis use on chromosome 21 (LOD = 2.123 at 37 cM). A significant pleiotropic linkage peak influencing both cannabis use and major depression was identified on chromosome 11 using a bivariate model (LOD = 3.229 at 112 cM). Follow-up of this pleiotropic signal identified a SNP 20 kb upstream of NCAM1 (rs7932341) that shows significant bivariate association (P = 3.10 × 10-5 ). However, this SNP is rare (seven minor allele carriers) and does not drive the linkage signal observed. CONCLUSIONS:There appears to be a significant genetic overlap between cannabis use and major depression among Mexican Americans, a pleiotropy that appears to be localized to a region on chromosome 11q23 that has been linked previously to these phenotypes.

Dataset Information

Neuroimmune Interface in the Comorbidity between Alcohol Use Disorder and Major Depression.

Publications

Neuroimmune Interface in the Comorbidity between Alcohol Use Disorder and Major Depression.

Similar Datasets

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