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An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe.

ABSTRACT: Low thermal-equilibrium nuclear spin polarizations and the need for sophisticated instrumentation render conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging (MRI) incompatible with small-scale microfluidic devices. Hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe gas has found use in the study of many materials but has required very large and expensive instrumentation. Recently a microfabricated device with modest instrumentation demonstrated all-optical hyperpolarization and detection of ¹²⁹Xe gas. This device was limited by ¹²⁹Xe polarizations less than 1%, ¹²⁹Xe NMR signals smaller than 20?nT, and transport of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe over millimeter lengths. Higher polarizations, versatile detection schemes, and flow of ¹²⁹Xe over larger distances are desirable for wider applications. Here we demonstrate an ultra-sensitive microfabricated platform that achieves ¹²⁹Xe polarizations reaching 7%, NMR signals exceeding 1??T, lifetimes up to 6?s, and simultaneous two-mode detection, consisting of a high-sensitivity in situ channel with signal-to-noise of 10⁵ and a lower-sensitivity ex situ detection channel which may be useful in a wider variety of conditions. ¹²⁹Xe is hyperpolarized and detected in locations more than 1?cm apart. Our versatile device is an optimal platform for microfluidic magnetic resonance in particular, but equally attractive for wider nuclear spin applications benefitting from ultra-sensitive detection, long coherences, and simple instrumentation.

SUBMITTER: Kennedy DJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5339783 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup>Xe.

Kennedy Daniel J DJ Seltzer Scott J SJ Jiménez-Martínez Ricardo R Ring Hattie L HL Malecek Nicolas S NS Knappe Svenja S Donley Elizabeth A EA Kitching John J Bajaj Vikram S VS Pines Alexander A

Scientific reports 20170307

Low thermal-equilibrium nuclear spin polarizations and the need for sophisticated instrumentation render conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging (MRI) incompatible with small-scale microfluidic devices. Hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup>Xe gas has found use in the study of many materials but has required very large and expensive instrumentation. Recently a microfabricated device with modest instrumentation demonstrated all-optical hyperpolarization and detection of <sup ...[more]

PMID: 28266629

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Project description:BACKGROUND:MRI of hyperpolarized 129 Xenon (HP 129 Xe) is increasingly utilized for investigating pulmonary function. The solubility of HP 129 Xe in lung tissue, blood plasma (Barrier), and red blood cells (RBC), with unique chemical shifts, enables spectroscopic imaging of potential imaging biomarkers of gas exchange and microstructural pulmonary physiology. PURPOSE:To quantify global average and regional repeatability of Barrier:gas, RBC:gas, and RBC:Barrier ratios derived from dissolved-phase 129 Xe imaging and their dependence on intervisit changes in lung inflation volume. STUDY TYPE:Prospective. POPULATION:Fourteen healthy volunteers. One subject was unable to complete the study resulting in 13 subjects for analysis (eight female, five male, ages 24-69, 53.8 ± 13.9). FIELD STRENGTH:1.5T. ASSESSMENT:Subjects were imaged using a 3D radial 1-point Dixon method to separate Barrier and RBC component signals, at two different timepoints, with ~1 month between visits. RBC:Gas, Barrier:Gas, and RBC:Barrier measures were compared across time and with pulmonary function tests (PFTs). STATISTICAL TESTS:Repeatablilty was quantified using Bland-Altman plots, coefficient of repeatability, coefficient of variation (CV), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Dependence of imaging measures on PFTs and lung volume was evaluated using Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients, respectively. Statistical significance was determined by F-test for intraclass correlations, and t-test for Spearman correlations and regression. RESULTS:Mean RBC:Gas, Barrier:Gas, and RBC:Barrier had CVs of 19.2%, 20.0%, and 11.5%, respectively, and had significant ICCs, equal to 0.78, 0.79, and 0.92, respectively. Intervisit differences in RBC:Barrier were significantly correlated with intervisit differences in DLCO (r = 0.93, P = 0.007). Significant correlations with intervisit lung volume differences and intervisit differences in mean RBC:Gas (r = -0.73, P = 0.005) and Barrier:Gas (r = -0.69, P = 0.009) were found. DATA CONCLUSION:Three commonly used 129 Xe MRI-based measures of gas-exchange show good repeatability, particularly the Barrier:RBC ratio, which did not depend on lung inflation volume and was strongly associated with intervisit changes in DLCO . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1182-1190.

Project description:Background Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps of inhaled hyperpolarized gases have shown promise in the characterization of emphysema in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet an easily interpreted quantitative metric beyond mean and standard deviation has not been established. Purpose To introduce a quantitative framework with which to characterize emphysema burden based on hyperpolarized helium 3 (3He) and xenon 129 (129Xe) ADC maps and compare its diagnostic performance with CT-based emphysema metrics and pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Materials and Methods Twenty-seven patients with mild, moderate, or severe COPD and 13 age-matched healthy control subjects participated in this retrospective study. Participants underwent CT and multiple b value diffusion-weighted 3He and 129Xe MRI examinations and standard PFTs between August 2014 and November 2017. ADC-based emphysema index was computed separately for each gas and b value as the fraction of lung voxels with ADC values greater than in the healthy group 99th percentile. The resulting values were compared with quantitative CT results (relative lung area <-950 HU) as the reference standard. Diagnostic performance metrics included area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Spearman rank correlations and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were performed between ADC-, CT-, and PFT-based metrics, and intraclass correlation was performed between repeated measurements. Results Thirty-six participants were evaluated (mean age, 60 years ± 6 [standard deviation]; 20 women). ADC-based emphysema index was highly repeatable (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.99) and strongly correlated with quantitative CT (r = 0.86, P < .001 for 3He; r = 0.85, P < .001 for 129Xe) with high AUC (≥0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85, 1.00). ADC emphysema indices were also correlated with percentage of predicted diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (r = -0.81, P < .001 for 3He; r = -0.80, P < .001 for 129Xe) and percentage of predicted residual lung volume divided by total lung capacity (r = 0.65, P < .001 for 3He; r = 0.61, P < .001 for 129Xe). Conclusion Emphysema index based on hyperpolarized helium 3 or xenon 129 diffusion MRI provides a repeatable measure of emphysema burden, independent of gas or b value, with similar diagnostic performance as quantitative CT or pulmonary function metrics. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Schiebler and Fain in this issue.

Dataset Information

An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe.

Publications

An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup>Xe.

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Dataset Information

An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized 129Xe.

Publications

An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup>Xe.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe.