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Reducing Smad3/ATF4 was essential for Sirt1 inhibiting ER stress-induced apoptosis in mice brown adipose tissue.

ABSTRACT: Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) promotes adaptive thermogenesis by controlling the acetylation status of enzymes and transcriptional factors in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT). However, the effects of Sirt1 on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis of iBAT remain elusive. In this study, the mRNA levels of Sirt1 and thermogenesis genes were reduced but the genes related with ER stress were elevated in iBAT of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Moreover, ER stress further inhibited mRNA level of Sirt1 and triggered brown adipocyte apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis revealed that Sirt1 overexpression alleviated ER stress-induced brown adipocyte apoptosis by inhibiting Smad3 and ATF4. In addition, Smad3 bound to ATF4 promoter region and positively transcriptional regulation of ATF4. Our data also confirmed that Sirt1 reduced early apoptotic cells and blocked the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by directly interacting with ATF4. Furthermore, Sirt1 attenuated tunicamycin-induced cold intolerance and elevating thermogenesis by inhibiting ER stress and apoptosis in iBAT. In summary, our data collectively revealed Sirt1 reduced ER stress and apoptosis of brown adipocyte in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting Smad3/ATF4 signal. These data reveal a novel mechanism that links Sirt1 to brown adipocyte apoptosis.

SUBMITTER: Liu Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5354730 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reducing Smad3/ATF4 was essential for Sirt1 inhibiting ER stress-induced apoptosis in mice brown adipose tissue.

Liu Zhenjiang Z Gu Huihui H Gan Lu L Xu Yatao Y Feng Fei F Saeed Muhammad M Sun Chao C

Oncotarget 20170201 6

Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) promotes adaptive thermogenesis by controlling the acetylation status of enzymes and transcriptional factors in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT). However, the effects of Sirt1 on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis of iBAT remain elusive. In this study, the mRNA levels of Sirt1 and thermogenesis genes were reduced but the genes related with ER stress were elevated in iBAT of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Moreover, ER stress further inhibited mRNA ...[more]

PMID: 28030827

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Project description:ObjectiveMetainflammation is a chronic low-grade inflammatory state induced by obesity and associated comorbidities, including peripheral insulin resistance. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a therapeutic target against obesity, is an insulin target tissue sensitive to inflammation. Therefore, it is necessary to find strategies to protect BAT against the effects of inflammation in energy balance. In this study, we explored the impact of moderate sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) overexpression on insulin sensitivity and β-adrenergic responses in BAT and brown adipocytes (BA) under pro-inflammatory conditions.MethodsThe effect of inflammation on BAT functionality was studied in obese db/db mice and lean wild-type (WT) mice or mice with moderate overexpression of SIRT1 (SIRT1Tg+) injected with a low dose of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic endotoxemia. We also conducted studies on differentiated BA (BA-WT and BA-SIRT1Tg+) exposed to a macrophage-derived pro-inflammatory conditioned medium (CM) to evaluate the protection of SIRT1 overexpression in insulin signaling and glucose uptake, mitochondrial respiration, fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and norepinephrine (NE)-mediated-modulation of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) expression.ResultsBAT from the db/db mice was susceptible to metabolic inflammation manifested by the activation of pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, increased pro-inflammatory gene expression, tissue-specific insulin resistance, and reduced UCP-1 expression. Impairment of insulin and noradrenergic responses were also found in the lean WT mice upon LPS injection. In contrast, BAT from the mice with moderate overexpression of SIRT1 (SIRT1Tg+) was protected against LPS-induced activation of pro-inflammatory signaling, insulin resistance, and defective thermogenic-related responses upon cold exposure. Importantly, the decline in triiodothyronine (T3) levels in the circulation and intra-BAT after exposure of the WT mice to LPS and cold was markedly attenuated in the SIRT1Tg+ mice. In vitro BA experiments in the two genotypes revealed that upon differentiation with a T3-enriched medium and subsequent exposure to a macrophage-derived pro-inflammatory CM, only BA-SIRT1Tg+ fully recovered insulin and noradrenergic responses.ConclusionsThis study has ascertained the benefit of the moderate overexpression of SIRT1 to confer protection against defective insulin and β-adrenergic responses caused by BAT inflammation. Our results have potential therapeutic value in combinatorial therapies for BAT-specific thyromimetics and SIRT1 activators to combat metainflammation in this tissue.

Dataset Information

Reducing Smad3/ATF4 was essential for Sirt1 inhibiting ER stress-induced apoptosis in mice brown adipose tissue.

Publications

Reducing Smad3/ATF4 was essential for Sirt1 inhibiting ER stress-induced apoptosis in mice brown adipose tissue.

Similar Datasets

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