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Dynamical dispersion engineering in coupled vertical cavities employing a high-contrast grating.

ABSTRACT: Photon's effective mass is an important parameter of an optical cavity mode, which determines the strength of light-matter interaction. Here, we propose a novel method for controlling the photon's effective mass by using coupled photonic cavities and designing the angular dependence of the coupling strength. This can be implemented by employing a high-contrast grating (HCG) as the coupling reflector in a system of two coupled vertical cavities, and engineering both the HCG reflection phase and amplitude response. Several examples of HCG-based coupled cavities with novel features are discussed, including a case capable of dynamically controlling the photon's effective mass to a large extent while keeping the resonance frequency same. We believe that full-control and dynamical-tuning of the photon's effective mass may enable new possibilities for cavity quantum electrodynamics studies or conventional/polariton laser applications. For instance, one can dynamically control the condensate formation in polariton lasers by modifying the polariton mass.

SUBMITTER: Taghizadeh A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5437060 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dynamical dispersion engineering in coupled vertical cavities employing a high-contrast grating.

Taghizadeh Alireza A Chung Il-Sug IS

Scientific reports 20170518 1

Photon's effective mass is an important parameter of an optical cavity mode, which determines the strength of light-matter interaction. Here, we propose a novel method for controlling the photon's effective mass by using coupled photonic cavities and designing the angular dependence of the coupling strength. This can be implemented by employing a high-contrast grating (HCG) as the coupling reflector in a system of two coupled vertical cavities, and engineering both the HCG reflection phase and a ...[more]

PMID: 28522816

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Project description:The authors present initial progress toward a clinically compatible x-ray phase contrast CT system, using glancing-angle x-ray grating interferometry to provide high contrast soft tissue images at estimated by computer simulation dose levels comparable to conventional absorption based CT.DPC-CT scans of a joint phantom and of soft tissues were performed in order to answer several important questions from a clinical setup point of view. A comparison between high and low fringe visibility systems is presented. The standard phase stepping method was compared with sliding window interlaced scanning. Using estimated dose values obtained with a Monte-Carlo code the authors studied the dependence of the phase image contrast on exposure time and dose.Using a glancing angle interferometer at high x-ray energy (∼ 45 keV mean value) in combination with a conventional x-ray tube the authors achieved fringe visibility values of nearly 50%, never reported before. High fringe visibility is shown to be an indispensable parameter for a potential clinical scanner. Sliding window interlaced scanning proved to have higher SNRs and CNRs in a region of interest and to also be a crucial part of a low dose CT system. DPC-CT images of a soft tissue phantom at exposures in the range typical for absorption based CT of musculoskeletal extremities were obtained. Assuming a human knee as the CT target, good soft tissue phase contrast could be obtained at an estimated absorbed dose level around 8 mGy, similar to conventional CT.DPC-CT with glancing-angle interferometers provides improved soft tissue contrast over absorption CT even at clinically compatible dose levels (estimated by a Monte-Carlo computer simulation). Further steps in image processing, data reconstruction, and spectral matching could make the technique fully clinically compatible. Nevertheless, due to its increased scan time and complexity the technique should be thought of not as replacing, but as complimentary to conventional CT, to be used in specific applications.

Dataset Information

Dynamical dispersion engineering in coupled vertical cavities employing a high-contrast grating.

Publications

Dynamical dispersion engineering in coupled vertical cavities employing a high-contrast grating.

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