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Air-stable ambipolar field-effect transistor based on a solution-processed octanaphthoxy-substituted tris(phthalocyaninato) europium semiconductor with high and balanced carrier mobilities.

ABSTRACT: Simple solvent vapor annealing over QLS film-based OFET devices fabricated from (Pc)Eu[Pc(ONh)₈]Eu[Pc(ONh)₈] led to a high and balanced ambipolar performance that has never been observed for small molecule single-component-based solution processed devices, with mobilities of 1.71 and 1.25 cm² V^-1 s^-1 for holes and electrons, respectively, under ambient conditions.

SUBMITTER: Kong X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5495994 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A nonchlorinated solvent-processed polymer semiconductor for high-performance ambipolar transistors.

Project description:Ambipolar polymer semiconductors are potentially serviceable for logic circuits, light-emitting field-effect transistors (LFETs) and polymer solar cells (PSCs). Although several high-performance ambipolar polymers have been developed, their optoelectronic devices are generally processed from toxic chlorinated solvents. To achieve the commercial applications of organic FETs (OFETs), the polymers should be processed from nonchlorinated solvents, instead of chlorinated solvents. However, most conjugated polymers show poor solubility in nonchlorinated solvents. It is of great importance to develop ambipolar polymers that can be processed from nonchlorinated solvents. Here, we develop a nonchlorinated solvent processed polymer named poly[7-fluoro-N, N'-di(4-decyltetradecyl)-7'-azaisoindigo-6',6″-(thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)-7‴-fluoro-N″, N‴-di(4-decyltetradecyl)-7″-azaisoindigo-6,6‴-([2,2″-bithiophene]-5,5″-diyl)] (PITTI-BT) by designing a monomer with a large molar mass. The polymer displays good solubility in p-xylene (PX). Well-aligned films of PITTI-BT are achieved by an off-center spin-coating (SC) method. Based on the high-quality films, the OFETs fabricated from PX solution achieve record ambipolar performance with hole and electron mobilities of 3.06 and 2.81 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively. The combination of nonchlorinated solvents and good alignment process offers an effective and eco-friendly approach to obtain high-performance ambipolar transistors.

| S-EPMC9031015 | biostudies-literature

Ambipolar Charge Storage in Type-I Core/Shell Semiconductor Quantum Dots toward Optoelectronic Transistor-Based Memories.

Project description:Efficient charge storage media play a pivotal role in transistor-based memories and thus are under intense research. In this work, the charge storage ability of type-I InP/ZnS core/shell quantum dots is well revealed through studying a pentacene-based organic transistor with the quantum dots (QDs) integrated. The quantum well-like energy band structure enables the QDs to directly confine either holes or electrons in the core, signifying a dielectric layer-free nonvolatile memory. Especially, the QDs in this device can be charged by electrons using light illumination as the exclusive method. The electron charging process is ascribed to the photoexcitation process in the InP-core and the hot holes induced. The QDs layer demonstrates an electron storage density of ≈5.0 × 1011 cm-2 and a hole storage density of ≈6.4 × 1011 cm-2 . Resultingly, the output device shows a fast response speed to gate voltage (10 µs), large memory window (42 V), good retention (>4.0 × 104 s), and reliable endurance. This work suggests that the core/shell quantum dot as a kind of charge storage medium is of great promise for optoelectronic memories.

| S-EPMC8373160 | biostudies-literature

Ambipolar solution-processed hybrid perovskite phototransistors.

Project description:Organolead halide perovskites have attracted substantial attention because of their excellent physical properties, which enable them to serve as the active material in emerging hybrid solid-state solar cells. Here we investigate the phototransistors based on hybrid perovskite films and provide direct evidence for their superior carrier transport property with ambipolar characteristics. The field-effect mobilities for triiodide perovskites at room temperature are measured as 0.18 (0.17) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) for holes (electrons), which increase to 1.24 (1.01) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) for mixed-halide perovskites. The photoresponsivity of our hybrid perovskite devices reaches 320 A W(-1), which is among the largest values reported for phototransistors. Importantly, the phototransistors exhibit an ultrafast photoresponse speed of less than 10 μs. The solution-based process and excellent device performance strongly underscore hybrid perovskites as promising material candidates for photoelectronic applications.

| S-EPMC4569843 | biostudies-literature

Imaging Carrier Inhomogeneities in Ambipolar Tellurene Field Effect Transistors.

Project description:The development of van der Waals (vdW) homojunction devices requires materials with narrow bandgaps and simultaneously high hole and electron mobilities for bipolar transport, as well as methods to image and study spatial variations in carrier type and associated conductivity with nanometer spatial resolution. Here, we demonstrate the general capability of near-field scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) to image and study the local carrier type and associated conductivity in operando by studying ambiploar field-effect transistors (FETs) of the 1D vdW material tellurium in 2D form. To quantitatively understand electronic variations across the device, we produce nanometer-resolved maps of the local carrier equivalence backgate voltage. We show that the global device conductivity minimum determined from transport measurements does not arise from uniform carrier neutrality but rather from the continued coexistence of p-type regions at the device edge and n-type regions in the interior of our micrometer-scale devices. This work both underscores and addresses the need to image and understand spatial variations in the electronic properties of nanoscale devices.

| S-EPMC7259612 | biostudies-literature

Tris(thio-cyanato-?N)tris-(triphenyl-phosphine oxide-?O)europium(III)-(nitrato-?(2) O,O')bis-(thio-cyanato-?N)tris-(triphenyl-phosphine oxide-?O)europium(III) (1/1).

Project description:The title co-crystal, [Eu(NCS)3(C18H15OP)3][Eu(NCS)2(NO3)(C18H15OP)3], contains two distinct neutral complexes. Each complex has threefold symmetry about its central Eu(3+) ion. As a result, the nitrate-containing mol-ecule contains disorder of its bidentate nitrate and two N-bound thio-cyanate anions, while the [Eu(NCS)3(OPPh3)3] complex is fully ordered. There is a weak ?-? stacking inter-action between the phenyl rings of the two mol-ecules [centroid-centroid distance = 4.138?(4)?Å].

| S-EPMC3588774 | biostudies-literature

Ambipolar inverters based on cofacial vertical organic electrochemical transistor pairs for biosignal amplification.

Project description:[Figure: see text].

| S-EPMC8442873 | biostudies-literature

Maximizing the Carrier Mobilities of Metal-Organic Frameworks Comprising Stacked Pentacene Units.

Project description:Charge transport properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of distinct interest for (opto)electronic applications. In contrast to the situation in molecular crystals, MOFs allow an extrinsic control of the relative arrangement of π-conjugated entities through the framework architecture. This suggests that MOFs should enable materials with particularly high through-space charge carrier mobilities. Such materials, however, do not yet exist, despite the synthesis of MOFs with, for example, seemingly ideally packed stacks of pentacene-bearing linkers. Their rather low mobilities have been attributed to dynamic disorder effects. Using dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations, we show that this is only part of the problem and that targeted network design involving comparably easy-to-implement structural modifications have the potential to massively boost charge transport. For the pentacene stacks, this is related to the a priori counterintuitive observation that the electronic coupling between neighboring units can be strongly increased by increasing the stacking distance.

| S-EPMC8397338 | biostudies-literature

Conformal transistor arrays based on solution-processed organic crystals.

Project description:Conformal transistor array based on solution-processed organic crystals, which can provide sensory and scanning features for monitoring, biofeedback, and tracking of physiological function, presents one of the most promising technologies for future large-scale low-cost wearable and implantable electronics. However, it is still a huge challenge for the integration of solution-processed organic crystals into conformal FETs owing to a generally existing swelling phenomenon of the elastic materials and the lack of the corresponding device fabrication technology. Here, we present a promising route to fabricate a conformal field-effect transistor (FET) array based on solution-processed TIPS-pentacene single-crystal micro/nanowire array. By simply drop-casting the organic solution on an anti-solvent photolithography-compatible electrode with bottom-contact coplanar configuration, the transistor array can be formed and can conform onto uneven objects. Excellent electrical properties with device yield as high as 100%, field-effect mobility up to 0.79?cm2V-1s-1, low threshold voltage, and good device uniformity are demonstrated. The results open up the capability of solution-processed organic crystals for conformal electronics, suggesting their substantial promise for next-generation wearable and implantable electronics.

| S-EPMC5684343 | biostudies-literature

Hysteresis Behavior of the Donor-Acceptor-Type Ambipolar Semiconductor for Non-Volatile Memory Applications.

Project description:Donor-acceptor-type organic semiconductor molecules are of great interest for potential organic field-effect transistor applications with ambipolar characteristics and non-volatile memory applications. Here, we synthesized an organic semiconductor, PDPPT-TT, and directly utilized it in both field-effect transistor and non-volatile memory applications. As-synthesized PDPPT-TT was simply spin-coated on a substrate for the device fabrications. The PDPPT-TT based field-effect transistor showed ambipolar electrical transfer characteristics. Furthermore, a gold nanoparticle-embedded dielectric layer was used as a charge trapping layer for the non-volatile memory device applications. The non-volatile memory device showed clear memory window formation as applied gate voltage increases, and electrical stability was evaluated by performing retention and cycling tests. In summary, we demonstrate that a donor-acceptor-type organic semiconductor molecule shows great potential for ambipolar field-effect transistors and non-volatile memory device applications as an important class of materials.

| S-EPMC8000839 | biostudies-literature

High charge carrier mobilities and lifetimes in organolead trihalide perovskites.

Project description:Organolead trihalide perovskites are shown to exhibit the best of both worlds: charge-carrier mobilities around 10 cm2 V?1 s?1 and low bi-molecular charge-recombination constants. The ratio of the two is found to defy the Langevin limit of kinetic charge capture by over four orders of magnitude. This mechanism causes long (micrometer) charge-pair diffusion lengths crucial for flat-heterojunction photovoltaics.

| S-EPMC4722848 | biostudies-other

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