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A genomically modified Escherichia coli strain carrying an orthogonal E. coli histidyl-tRNA synthetase•tRNAHis pair.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Development of new aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS)•tRNA pairs is central for incorporation of novel non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins via genetic code expansion (GCE). The Escherichia coli and Caulobacter crescentus histidyl-tRNA synthetases (HisRS) evolved divergent mechanisms of tRNAHis recognition that prevent their cross-reactivity. Although the E. coli HisRS•tRNAHis pair is a good candidate for GCE, its use in C. crescentus is limited by the lack of established genetic selection methods and by the low transformation efficiency of C. crescentus. METHODS:E. coli was genetically engineered to use a C. crescentus HisRS•tRNAHis pair. Super-folder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) were used as reporters for read-through assays. A library of 313 ncAAs coupled with the sfGFP reporter system was employed to investigate the specificity of E. coli HisRS in vivo. RESULTS:A genomically modified E. coli strain (named MEOV1) was created. MEVO1 requires an active C. crescentus HisRS•tRNAHis pair for growth, and displays a similar doubling time as the parental E. coli strain. sfGFP- and CAT-based assays showed that the E. coli HisRS•tRNAHis pair is orthogonal in MEOV1 cells. A mutation in the anticodon loop of E. coli tRNAHisCUA elevated its suppression efficiency by 2-fold. CONCLUSIONS:The C. crescentus HisRS•tRNAHis pair functionally complements an E. coli ?hisS strain. The E. coli HisRS•tRNAHis is orthogonal in MEOV1 cells. E. coli tRNAHisCUA is an efficient amber suppressor in MEOV1. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE:We developed a platform that allows protein engineering of E. coli HisRS that should facilitate GCE in E. coli. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Biochemistry of Synthetic Biology - Recent Developments" Guest Editor: Dr. Ilka Heinemann and Dr. Patrick O'Donoghue.

SUBMITTER: Englert M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5592127 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A genomically modified Escherichia coli strain carrying an orthogonal E. coli histidyl-tRNA synthetase•tRNA<sup>His</sup> pair.

Englert Markus M Vargas-Rodriguez Oscar O Reynolds Noah M NM Wang Yane-Shih YS Söll Dieter D Umehara Takuya T

Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects 20170310 11 Pt B

<h4>Background</h4>Development of new aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS)•tRNA pairs is central for incorporation of novel non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins via genetic code expansion (GCE). The Escherichia coli and Caulobacter crescentus histidyl-tRNA synthetases (HisRS) evolved divergent mechanisms of tRNA<sup>His</sup> recognition that prevent their cross-reactivity. Although the E. coli HisRS•tRNA<sup>His</sup> pair is a good candidate for GCE, its use in C. crescentus is limited ...[more]

PMID: 28288813

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Project description:The deafness-associated m.12201T>C mutation affects the A5-U68 base-pairing within the acceptor stem of mitochondrial tRNAHis The primary defect in this mutation is an alteration in tRNAHis aminoacylation. Here, we further investigate the molecular mechanism of the deafness-associated tRNAHis 12201T>C mutation and test whether the overexpression of the human mitochondrial histidyl-tRNA synthetase gene (HARS2) in cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cells carrying the m.12201T>C mutation reverses mitochondrial dysfunctions. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the m.12201T>C mutation perturbs the tRNAHis structure and function, supported by decreased melting temperature, conformational changes, and instability of mutated tRNA. We show that the m.12201T>C mutation-induced alteration of aminoacylation tRNAHis causes mitochondrial translational defects and respiratory deficiency. We found that the transfer of HARS2 into the cybrids carrying the m.12201T>C mutation raises the levels of aminoacylated tRNAHis from 56.3 to 75.0% but does not change the aminoacylation of other tRNAs. Strikingly, HARS2 overexpression increased the steady-state levels of tRNAHis and of noncognate tRNAs, including tRNAAla, tRNAGln, tRNAGlu, tRNALeu(UUR), tRNALys, and tRNAMet, in cells bearing the m.12201T>C mutation. This improved tRNA metabolism elevated the efficiency of mitochondrial translation, activities of oxidative phosphorylation complexes, and respiration capacity. Furthermore, HARS2 overexpression markedly increased mitochondrial ATP levels and membrane potential and reduced production of reactive oxygen species in cells carrying the m.12201T>C mutation. These results indicate that HARS2 overexpression corrects the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the tRNAHis mutation. These findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of mitochondrial disease and represent a step toward improved therapeutic interventions for mitochondrial disorders.

Dataset Information

A genomically modified Escherichia coli strain carrying an orthogonal E. coli histidyl-tRNA synthetase•tRNAHis pair.

Publications

A genomically modified Escherichia coli strain carrying an orthogonal E. coli histidyl-tRNA synthetase•tRNA<sup>His</sup> pair.

Similar Datasets

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