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Discarded Livers Find a New Life: Engineered Liver Grafts Using Hepatocytes Recovered From Marginal Livers.

ABSTRACT: Treatment for end-stage liver failure is restricted by the critical shortage of donor organs; about 4000 people die in the USA while waiting for a transplantable organ. This situation has been a major driving force behind the rise of tissue engineering to build artificial tissues/organs. Recent advancements in creating transplantable liver grafts using decellularized liver scaffolds bring the field closer to clinical translation. However, a source of readily available and highly functional adult hepatocytes in adequate numbers for regenerative liver therapies still remains unclear. Here, we describe a new method to utilize discarded livers to make transplantable new liver grafts. We show that marginal donor livers damaged due to warm ischemia could be treated with machine perfusion to yield 39 million viable hepatocytes per gram of liver, similar to fresh livers, and these cells could be used to repopulate decellularized liver matrix (DLM) scaffolds to make transplantable liver grafts. The hepatocytes from recovered livers sustained their characteristic epithelial morphology while they exhibited slightly lower protein synthesis functions both in plate cultures and in recellularized liver grafts. The dampened protein synthesis was attributed to residual endoplasmic reticulum stress found in recovered cells. The results here represent a unique approach to reengineer transplantable liver grafts solely from discarded organs.

SUBMITTER: Uygun BE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5702548 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Discarded Livers Find a New Life: Engineered Liver Grafts Using Hepatocytes Recovered From Marginal Livers.

Uygun Basak E BE Izamis Maria-Louisa ML Jaramillo Maria M Chen Yibin Y Price Gavrielle G Ozer Sinan S Yarmush Martin L ML

Artificial organs 20161108 6

Treatment for end-stage liver failure is restricted by the critical shortage of donor organs; about 4000 people die in the USA while waiting for a transplantable organ. This situation has been a major driving force behind the rise of tissue engineering to build artificial tissues/organs. Recent advancements in creating transplantable liver grafts using decellularized liver scaffolds bring the field closer to clinical translation. However, a source of readily available and highly functional adult ...[more]

PMID: 27862079

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Project description:Prolonged exposure of mice to diet containing 0.1% 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) results in hepatobiliary injury, atypical ductular proliferation, oval cell appearance, and limited fibrosis. Previously, we reported that short-term ingestion of DDC diet by hepatocyte-specific ?-catenin conditional knockout (KO) mice led to fewer A6-positive oval cells than wildtype (WT) littermates. To examine the role of ?-catenin in chronic hepatic injury and repair, we exposed WT and KO mice to DDC for 80 and 150 days. Paradoxically, long-term DDC exposure led to significantly more A6-positive cells, indicating greater atypical ductular proliferation in KO, which coincided with increased fibrosis and cholestasis. Surprisingly, at 80 and 150 days in KO we observed a significant amelioration of hepatocyte injury. This coincided with extensive repopulation of ?-catenin null livers with ?-catenin-positive hepatocytes at 150 days, which was preceded by appearance of ?-catenin-positive hepatocyte clusters at 80 days and a few ?-catenin-positive hepatocytes at earlier times. Intriguingly, occasional ?-catenin-positive hepatocytes that were negative for progenitor markers were also observed at baseline in the KO livers, suggesting spontaneous escape from cre-mediated recombination. These cells with hepatocyte morphology expressed mature hepatocyte markers but lacked markers of hepatic progenitors. The gradual repopulation of KO livers with ?-catenin-positive hepatocytes occurred only following DDC injury and coincided with a progressive loss of hepatic cre-recombinase expression. A few ?-catenin-positive cholangiocytes were observed albeit only after long-term DDC exposure and trailed the appearance of ?-catenin-positive hepatocytes.In a chronic liver injury model, ?-catenin-positive hepatocytes exhibit growth and survival advantages and repopulate KO livers, eventually limiting hepatic injury and dysfunction despite increased fibrosis and intrahepatic cholestasis.

Dataset Information

Discarded Livers Find a New Life: Engineered Liver Grafts Using Hepatocytes Recovered From Marginal Livers.

Publications

Discarded Livers Find a New Life: Engineered Liver Grafts Using Hepatocytes Recovered From Marginal Livers.

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