Dataset Information

Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Although previous studies suggest that exposure to traffic-related pollution during childhood increases the risk of childhood overweight or obesity (COWO), the role of early life exposure to fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter <2.5 ?m; PM_2.5) and its joint effect with the mother’s prepregnancy body mass index (MPBMI) on COWO remain unclear.

Objectives

The present study was conducted to examine the individual and joint effects of ambient PM_2.5 exposures and MPBMI on the risk of COWO.

Methods

We estimated exposures to ambient PM_2.5in utero and during the first 2 y of life (F2YL), using data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Air Quality System matched to residential address, in 1,446 mother–infant pairs who were recruited at birth from 1998 and followed up prospectively through 2012 at the Boston Medical Center in Massachusetts. We quantified the individual and joint effects of PM_2.5 exposure with MPBMI on COWO, defined as the child’s age- and sex-specific BMI z-score ?85th?percentile at the last well-child care visit between 2 and 9 y of age. Additivity was assessed by estimating the reduced excess risk due to interaction.

Results

Comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of PM_2.5, the adjusted relative risks (RRs) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] of COWO were 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.5), 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0, 1.4), 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0, 1.4), 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.6), 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.5) and 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) during preconception; the first, second, and third trimesters; the entire period of pregnancy; and F2YL, respectively. Spline regression showed a dose–response relationship between PM_2.5 levels and COWO after a threshold near the median exposure (10.46 ?g/m³–10.89 ?g/m³). Compared with their counterparts, children of obese mothers exposed to high levels of PM_2.5 had the highest risk of COWO [RR?2.0, relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) not significant].

Conclusions

In the present study, we observed that early life exposure to PM_2.5 may play an important role in the early life origins of COWO and may increase the risk of COWO in children of mothers who were overweight or obese before pregnancy beyond the risk that can be attributed to MPBMI alone. Our findings emphasize the clinical and public health policy relevance of early life PM_2.5 exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP261

SUBMITTER: Mao G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5743454 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity.

Mao Guangyun G Nachman Rebecca Massa RM Sun Qi Q Zhang Xingyou X Koehler Kirsten K Chen Zhu Z Hong Xiumei X Wang Guoying G Caruso Deanna D Zong Geng G Pearson Colleen C Ji Hongkai H Biswal Shyam S Zuckerman Barry B Wills-Karp Marsha M Wang Xiaobin X

Environmental health perspectives 20170614 6

<h4>Background</h4>Although previous studies suggest that exposure to traffic-related pollution during childhood increases the risk of childhood overweight or obesity (COWO), the role of early life exposure to fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm; PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and its joint effect with the mother’s prepregnancy body mass index (MPBMI) on COWO remain unclear.<h4>Objectives</h4>The present study was conducted to examine the individual and joint effects of ambient PM<sub>2.5</ ...[more]

PMID: 28669938

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Project description:ImportanceThe first pediatric lead screening typically occurs at 1-year well-child care visits. However, data on the extent of maternal lead exposure and its long-term consequences for child health are lacking.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between maternal red blood cell (RBC) lead levels and intergenerational risk of overweight or obesity (OWO) and whether adequate maternal folate status is associated with a reduction in OWO risk.Design, setting, and participantsProspective birth cohort study. The analysis was conducted from July 14, 2018, to August 2, 2019, at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. This study included 1442 mother-child pairs recruited at birth from October 27, 2002, to October 10, 2013, and followed up prospectively at Boston Medical Center.Main outcomes and measuresChild body mass index (BMI) z score, calculated according to US national reference data, and OWO, defined as BMI at or exceeding the 85th percentile for age and sex. Maternal RBC lead levels and plasma folate levels were measured in samples obtained 24 to 72 hours after delivery; child whole-blood lead level was obtained from the first pediatric lead screening.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of mothers and children was 28.6 (6.5) years and 8.1 (3.1) years, respectively; 50.1% of children were boys. The median maternal RBC lead level and plasma folate level were 2.5 (interquartile range [IQR], 1.7-3.8) μg/dL and 32.2 (IQR, 22.1-44.4) nmol/L, respectively. The median child whole-blood lead level and child BMI z score were 1.4 (IQR, 1.4-2.0) μg/dL and 0.78 (IQR, -0.08 to 1.71), respectively. Maternal RBC lead level was associated with child OWO risk in a dose-response fashion, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.65 (95% CI, 1.18-2.32) for high maternal RBC lead level (≥5.0 μg/dL) compared with low maternal RBC lead level (<2.0 μg/dL). Child OWO was highest among children of OWO mothers with high RBC lead levels (adjusted OR, 4.24; 95% CI, 2.64-6.82) compared with children of non-OWO mothers with low RBC lead levels. Children of OWO mothers with high RBC lead levels had 41% lower OWO risk (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.95; P = .03) if their mothers had adequate plasma folate levels (≥20.4 nmol/L) compared with their counterparts.Conclusions and relevanceIn this sample of a US urban population, findings suggest that maternal elevated lead exposure was associated with increased risk of intergenerational OWO independent of postnatal blood lead levels. Adequate maternal folate status appeared to be associated with lower OWO risk. If confirmed by additional studies, these findings have implications for prenatal lead screening and management to minimize adverse health consequences on children.

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Dataset Information

Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity.

Similar Datasets

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