Dataset Information

3D histopathological grading of osteochondral tissue using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Histopathological grading of osteochondral (OC) tissue is widely used in osteoarthritis (OA) research, and it is relatively common in post-surgery in vitro diagnostics. However, relying on thin tissue section, this approach includes a number of limitations, such as: (1) destructiveness, (2) sample processing artefacts, (3) 2D section does not represent spatial 3D structure and composition of the tissue, and (4) the final outcome is subjective. To overcome these limitations, we recently developed a contrast-enhanced ?CT (CE?CT) imaging technique to visualize the collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage (AC). In the present study, we demonstrate that histopathological scoring of OC tissue from CE?CT is feasible. Moreover, we establish a new, semi-quantitative OA ?CT grading system for OC tissue.

Results

Pathological features were clearly visualized in AC and subchondral bone (SB) with ?CT and verified with histology, as demonstrated with image atlases. Comparison of histopathological grades (OARSI or severity (0-3)) across the characterization approaches, CE?CT and histology, excellent (0.92, 95% CI = [0.84, 0.96], n = 30) or fair (0.50, 95% CI = [0.16, 0.74], n = 27) intra-class correlations (ICC), respectively. A new ?CT grading system was successfully established which achieved an excellent cross-method (?CT vs histology) reader-to-reader intra-class correlation (0.78, 95% CI = [0.58, 0.89], n = 27).

Conclusions

We demonstrated that histopathological information relevant to OA can reliably be obtained from CE?CT images. This new grading system could be used as a reference for 3D imaging and analysis techniques intended for volumetric evaluation of OA pathology in research and clinical applications.

SUBMITTER: Nieminen HJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5773475 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

3D histopathological grading of osteochondral tissue using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography.

Nieminen H J HJ Gahunia H K HK Pritzker K P H KPH Ylitalo T T Rieppo L L Karhula S S SS Lehenkari P P Hæggström E E Saarakkala S S

Osteoarthritis and cartilage 20170609 10

<h4>Objective</h4>Histopathological grading of osteochondral (OC) tissue is widely used in osteoarthritis (OA) research, and it is relatively common in post-surgery in vitro diagnostics. However, relying on thin tissue section, this approach includes a number of limitations, such as: (1) destructiveness, (2) sample processing artefacts, (3) 2D section does not represent spatial 3D structure and composition of the tissue, and (4) the final outcome is subjective. To overcome these limitations, we ...[more]

PMID: 28606558

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Project description:BackgroundGross dissection is a widespread method for studying animal anatomy, despite being highly destructive and time-consuming. X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be a non-destructive alternative for studying anatomical structures. However, in the past it has been limited to only being able to visualise mineralised tissues. In recent years, morphologists have started to use traditional X-ray contrast agents to allow the visualisation of soft tissue elements in the CT context. The aim of this project is to assess the ability of contrast-enhanced micro-CT (μCT) to construct a three-dimensional (3D) model of the musculoskeletal system of the bird wing and to quantify muscle geometry and any systematic changes due to shrinkage. We expect that this reconstruction can be used as an anatomical guide to the sparrowhawk wing musculature and form the basis of further biomechanical analysis of flight.MethodsA 3% iodine-buffered formalin solution with a 25-day staining period was used to visualise the wing myology of the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus). μCT scans of the wing were taken over the staining period until full penetration of the forelimb musculature by iodine was reached. A 3D model was reconstructed by manually segmenting out the individual elements of the avian wing using 3D visualisation software.ResultsDifferent patterns of contrast were observed over the duration of the staining treatment with the best results occurring after 25 days of staining. Staining made it possible to visualise and identify different elements of the soft tissue of the wing. Finally, a 3D reconstruction of the musculoskeletal system of the sparrowhawk wing is presented and numerical data of muscle geometry is compared to values obtained by dissection.DiscussionContrast-enhanced μCT allows the visualisation and identification of the wing myology of birds, including the smaller muscles in the hand, and provides a non-destructive way for quantifying muscle volume with an accuracy of 96.2%. By combining contrast-enhanced μCT with 3D visualisation techniques, it is possible to study the individual muscles of the forelimb in their original position and 3D design, which can be the basis of further biomechanical analysis. Because the stain can be washed out post analysis, this technique provides a means of obtaining quantitative muscle data from museum specimens non-destructively.

Dataset Information

3D histopathological grading of osteochondral tissue using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography.

Objective

Results

Conclusions

Publications

3D histopathological grading of osteochondral tissue using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography.

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