Dataset Information

Brain volume reduction after whole-brain radiotherapy: quantification and prognostic relevance.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Recent studies have questioned the value of adding whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastasis treatment. Neurotoxicity, including radiation-induced brain volume reduction, could be one reason why not all patients benefit from the addition of WBRT. In this study, we quantified brain volume reduction after WBRT and assessed its prognostic significance.

Methods

Brain volumes of 91 patients with cerebral metastases were measured during a 150-day period after commencing WBRT and were compared with their pretreatment volumes. The average daily relative change in brain volume of each patient, referred to as the "brain volume reduction rate," was calculated. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the prognostic significance of the brain volume reduction rate, as well as of 3 treatment-related and 9 pretreatment factors. A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the brain volume reduction rate across recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) classes.

Results

On multivariate Cox regression analysis, the brain volume reduction rate was a significant predictor of overall survival after WBRT (P < 0.001), as well as the number of brain metastases (P = 0.002) and age (P = 0.008). Patients with a relatively favorable prognosis (RPA classes 1 and 2) experienced significantly less brain volume decrease after WBRT than patients with a poor prognosis (RPA class 3) (P = 0.001). There was no significant correlation between delivered radiation dose and brain volume reduction rate (P = 0.147).

Conclusion

In this retrospective study, a smaller decrease in brain volume after WBRT was an independent predictor of longer overall survival.

SUBMITTER: Hoffmann C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5777481 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Brain volume reduction after whole-brain radiotherapy: quantification and prognostic relevance.

Hoffmann Christian C Distel Luitpold L Knippen Stefan S Gryc Thomas T Schmidt Manuel Alexander MA Fietkau Rainer R Putz Florian F

Neuro-oncology 20180101 2

<h4>Background</h4>Recent studies have questioned the value of adding whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastasis treatment. Neurotoxicity, including radiation-induced brain volume reduction, could be one reason why not all patients benefit from the addition of WBRT. In this study, we quantified brain volume reduction after WBRT and assessed its prognostic significance.<h4>Methods</h4>Brain volumes of 91 patients with cerebral metastases were measured ...[more]

PMID: 29016812

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Project description:Introduction: Following the resection of brain metastases (BM), whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is a long-established standard of care. Its position was recently challenged by the less toxic single-session radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) of the resection cavity, reducing dose exposure of the healthy brain. Patients and Methods: We analyzed 101 patients treated with either SRS/FSRT (n = 50) or WBRT (n = 51) following BM resection over a 5-year period. Propensity score adjustment was done for age, total number of BM, timepoint of BM diagnosis, controlled primary and extracranial metastases. A Cox Proportional Hazards model with univariate and multivariate analysis was fitted for overall survival (OS), local control (LC) and distant brain control (DBC). Results: Median patient age was 61 (interquartile range, IQR: 56-67) years and the most common histology was non-small cell lung cancer, followed by breast cancer. 38% of the patients had additional unresected BM. Twenty-four patients received SRS, 26 patients received FSRT and 51 patients received WBRT. Median OS in the SRS/FSRT subgroup was not reached (IQR NA-16.7 months) vs. 12.6 months (IQR 21.3-4.4) in the WBRT subgroup (hazard ratio, HR 3.3, 95%-CI: [1.5; 7.2] p < 0.002). Twelve-months LC-probability was 94.9% (95%-CI: [88.3; 100.0]) in the SRS subgroup vs. 81.7% (95%-CI: [66.6; 100.0]) in the WBRT subgroup (HR 0.2, 95%-CI: [0.01; 0.9] p = 0.037). Twelve-months DBC-probabilities were 65.0% (95%-CI: [50.8; 83.0]) and 58.8% (95%-CI: [42.9; 80.7]), respectively (HR 1.4, 95%-CI: [0.7; 2.7] p = 0.401). In propensity score-adjusted multivariate analysis, incomplete resection negatively impacted OS (HR 3.9, 95%-CI: [2.0;7.4], p < 0.001) and LC (HR 5.4, 95%-CI: [1.3; 21.9], p = 0.018). Excellent clinical performance (HR 0.4, 95%-CI: [0.2; 0.9], p = 0.030) and better graded prognostic assessment (GPA) score (HR 0.4, 95%-CI: [0.2; 1.0], p = 0.040) were prognostic of superior OS. A higher number of BM was associated with a greater risk of developing new distant BM (HR 5.6, 95%-CI: [1.0; 30.4], p = 0.048). In subgroup analysis, larger cavity volume (HR 1.1, 95%-CI: [1.0; 1.3], p = 0.033) and incomplete resection (HR 12.0, 95%-CI: [1.2; 118.3], p = 0.033) were associated with inferior LC following SRS/FSRT. Conclusion: This is the first propensity score-adjusted direct comparison of SRS/FSRT and WBRT following the resection of BM. Patients receiving SRS/FSRT showed longer OS and LC compared to WBRT. Future analyses will address the optimal choice of safety margin, dose and fractionation for postoperative stereotactic RT of the resection cavity.

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Project description:BackgroundIn endometrial cancer (EC), preoperative pelvic MRI is recommended for local staging, while final tumor stage and grade are established by surgery and pathology. MRI-based radiomic tumor profiling may aid in preoperative risk-stratification and support clinical treatment decisions in EC.PurposeTo develop MRI-based whole-volume tumor radiomic signatures for prediction of aggressive EC disease.Study typeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 138 women with histologically confirmed EC, divided into training (nT = 108) and validation cohorts (nV = 30).Field strength/sequenceAxial oblique T1 -weighted gradient echo volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) at 1.5T (71/138 patients) and DIXON VIBE at 3T (67/138 patients) at 2 minutes postcontrast injection.AssessmentPrimary tumors were manually segmented by two radiologists with 4 and 8 years' of experience. Radiomic tumor features were computed and used for prediction of surgicopathologically-verified deep (≥50%) myometrial invasion (DMI), lymph node metastases (LNM), advanced stage (FIGO III + IV), nonendometrioid (NE) histology, and high-grade endometrioid tumors (E3). Corresponding analyses were also conducted using radiomics extracted from the axial oblique image slice depicting the largest tumor area.Statistical testsLogistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was applied for radiomic modeling in the training cohort. The diagnostic performances of the radiomic signatures were evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the training (AUCT ) and validation (AUCV ) cohorts. Progression-free survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsThe whole-tumor radiomic signatures yielded AUCT /AUCV of 0.84/0.76 for predicting DMI, 0.73/0.72 for LNM, 0.71/0.68 for FIGO III + IV, 0.68/0.74 for NE histology, and 0.79/0.63 for high-grade (E3) tumor. Single-slice radiomics yielded comparable AUCT but significantly lower AUCV for LNM and FIGO III + IV (both P < 0.05). Tumor volume yielded comparable AUCT to the whole-tumor radiomic signatures for prediction of DMI, LNM, FIGO III + IV, and NE, but significantly lower AUCT for E3 tumors (P < 0.05). All of the whole-tumor radiomic signatures significantly predicted poor progression-free survival with hazard ratios of 4.6-9.8 (P < 0.05 for all).Data conclusionMRI-based whole-tumor radiomic signatures yield medium-to-high diagnostic performance for predicting aggressive EC disease. The signatures may aid in preoperative risk assessment and hence guide personalized treatment strategies in EC.Level of evidence4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.

Project description:Background and Objectives: Rectal cancer poses significant treatment challenges, especially in advanced stages. Radiologic assessment, particularly with MRI, is critical for surgeons and oncologists to understand tumor dynamics and tailor treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to correlate MRI-based tumor volumetric and tumor regression grade analysis in patients with advanced rectal cancer, assessing the impact of preoperative chemotherapy (CT) alone or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on surgical technique choices. Materials and Methods: Between 2015 and 2022, a prospective study was enrolled, including a cohort of 89 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer at stage II or III. The participants were divided into two distinct therapy groups, ensuring an equal distribution with a ratio of 1:1. The initial group was treated with the contemporary preoperative chemotherapy protocol FOLFOX4. In contrast, the alternative group received conventional preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Before surgery, each patient underwent a rectal MRI scan at 1.5 T, including T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. Results: The CT group showed a 36.52% tumor volume reduction rate (TVRR), and the CRT group showed 54.87%, with varying magnetic resonance and pathological tumor regression grades (mrTRG and pTRG). Analysis revealed a significant interaction between mrTRG and tumor volumetrics (volume and VRR) in both groups, especially CRT, underscoring the complexity of tumor response. Both treatment groups had similar initial tumor volumes, with CRT displaying a higher TVRR, particularly in higher pathological TRG (3/4) cases. This interaction and the strong correlation between mrTRG and pTRG suggest mrTRG's role as a non-invasive predictor for treatment response, highlighting the need for personalized treatment plans. Conclusions: Rectal tumor volume, volume reduction rate, and mrTRG are not just abstract measures; they are concrete indicators that have a direct and practical impact on surgical decision-making, planning, and prognosis, ultimately influencing the quality of care and life expectancy of patients with rectal cancer.

Dataset Information

Brain volume reduction after whole-brain radiotherapy: quantification and prognostic relevance.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Brain volume reduction after whole-brain radiotherapy: quantification and prognostic relevance.

Similar Datasets

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