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Guidance of super-enhancers in regulation of IL-9 induction and airway inflammation.

ABSTRACT: Th9 cells are prominently featured in allergic lung inflammation, but the mechanism that regulates IL-9 induction in T helper cells remains poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that formation of super-enhancers (SEs) is critical in robust induction of IL-9 and that assembly of the Il9 SEs in Th cells requires OX40-triggered chromatin acetylation. Mechanistically, we found that OX40 costimulation induces RelB expression, which recruits the histone acetyltransferase p300 to the Il9 locus to catalyze H3K27 acetylation. This allows binding of the SE factor Brd4 to organize assembly of the SE complex, which in turn drives robust IL-9 expression and Th9 cell induction. Thus, Th9 cells are strongly induced upon OX40 stimulation, and disruption of SEs abolished Th9 cell induction in vitro and inhibited Th9 cell-mediated allergic airway inflammation in vivo. Together, our data suggest that formation of SEs is essential in IL-9 expression and Th9 cell induction. These findings may have important clinical implications.

SUBMITTER: Xiao X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5789412 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Guidance of super-enhancers in regulation of IL-9 induction and airway inflammation.

Xiao Xiang X Fan Yihui Y Li Junhui J Zhang Xiaolong X Lou Xiaohua X Dou Yaling Y Shi Xiaomin X Lan Peixiang P Xiao Yue Y Minze Laurie L Li Xian Chang XC

The Journal of experimental medicine 20180116 2

Th9 cells are prominently featured in allergic lung inflammation, but the mechanism that regulates IL-9 induction in T helper cells remains poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that formation of super-enhancers (SEs) is critical in robust induction of IL-9 and that assembly of the <i>Il9</i> SEs in Th cells requires OX40-triggered chromatin acetylation. Mechanistically, we found that OX40 costimulation induces RelB expression, which recruits the histone acetyltransferase p300 to the <i>Il9</i> lo ...[more]

PMID: 29339447

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Serum IL-22 levels are increased in patients with atopic dermatitis, which commonly precedes asthma in the atopic march. Epicutaneous sensitization in mice results in TH2-dominated skin inflammation that mimics atopic dermatitis and sensitizes the airways for antigen challenge-induced allergic inflammation characterized by the presence of both eosinophils and neutrophils. Epicutaneous sensitization results in increased serum levels of IL-22. OBJECTIVE:We sought to determine the role of IL-22 in antigen-driven airway allergic inflammation after inhalation challenge in epicutaneously sensitized mice. METHODS:Wild-type (WT) and Il22-/- mice were sensitized epicutaneously or immunized intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA) and challenged intranasally with antigen. OVA T-cell receptor-specific T cells were TH22 polarized in vitro. Airway inflammation, mRNA levels in the lungs, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were examined. RESULTS:Epicutaneous sensitization preferentially elicited an IL-22 response compared with intraperitoneal immunization. Intranasal challenge of mice epicutaneously sensitized with OVA elicited in the lungs Il22 mRNA expression, IL-22 production, and accumulation of CD3+CD4+IL-22+ T cells that coexpressed IL-17A and TNF-?. Epicutaneously sensitized Il22-/- mice exhibited diminished eosinophil and neutrophil airway infiltration and decreased AHR after intranasal OVA challenge. Production of IL-13, IL-17A, and TNF-? was normal, but IFN-? production was increased in lung cells from airway-challenged and epicutaneously sensitized Il22-/- mice. Intranasal instillation of IFN-?-neutralizing antibody partially reversed the defect in eosinophil recruitment. WT recipients of TH22-polarized WT, but not IL-22-deficient, T-cell receptor OVA-specific T cells, which secrete both IL-17A and TNF-?, had neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation and AHR on intranasal OVA challenge. Intranasal instillation of IL-22 with TNF-?, but not IL-17A, elicited neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation and AHR in WT mice, suggesting that loss of IL-22 synergy with TNF-? contributed to defective recruitment of neutrophils into the airways of Il22-/- mice. TNF-?, but not IL-22, blockade at the time of antigen inhalation challenge inhibited airway inflammation in epicutaneously sensitized mice. CONCLUSION:Epicutaneous sensitization promotes generation of antigen-specific IL-22-producing T cells that promote airway inflammation and AHR after antigen challenge, suggesting that IL-22 plays an important role in the atopic march.

Dataset Information

Guidance of super-enhancers in regulation of IL-9 induction and airway inflammation.

Publications

Guidance of super-enhancers in regulation of IL-9 induction and airway inflammation.

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