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An eutherian intronic sequence gave rise to a major satellite DNA in Platyrrhini.

ABSTRACT: Satellite DNAs (satDNAs) are major components of eukaryote genomes. However, because of their quick divergence, the evolutionary origin of a given satDNA family can rarely be determined. Herein we took advantage of available primate sequenced genomes to determine the origin of the CapA satDNA (approx. 1500 bp long monomers), first described in the tufted capuchin monkey Sapajus apella We show that CapA is an abundant satDNA in Platyrrhini, whereas in the genomes of most eutherian mammals, including humans, this sequence is present only as a single copy located within a large intron of the NOS1AP (nitric oxide synthase 1 adaptor protein) gene. Our data suggest that this intronic CapA-like sequence gave rise to the CapA satDNA and we discuss possible mechanisms implicated in this event. This is the first report to our knowledge of a single copy intronic sequence giving origin to a satDNA that reaches up to 100 000 copies in some genomes.

SUBMITTER: Valeri MP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5803596 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An eutherian intronic sequence gave rise to a major satellite DNA in Platyrrhini.

Valeri Mirela Pelizaro MP Dias Guilherme Borges GB Pereira Valéria do Socorro VDS Campos Silva Kuhn Gustavo G Svartman Marta M

Biology letters 20180101 1

Satellite DNAs (satDNAs) are major components of eukaryote genomes. However, because of their quick divergence, the evolutionary origin of a given satDNA family can rarely be determined. Herein we took advantage of available primate sequenced genomes to determine the origin of the CapA satDNA (approx. 1500 bp long monomers), first described in the tufted capuchin monkey <i>Sapajus apella</i> We show that CapA is an abundant satDNA in Platyrrhini, whereas in the genomes of most eutherian mammals, ...[more]

PMID: 29386361

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Project description:DNA methylation is thought to be extensively involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including major psychosis. However, most studies focus on DNA methylation alteration at promoters of protein-coding genes, despite the poor correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression.We analyzed differentially methylated regions and differentially expressed genes in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and normal subjects. Gene expression and DNA methylation were analyzed with RNA-seq and MeDIP-seq of post-mortem brain tissue (brain region BA9) cohort in five schizophrenia, seven bipolar disorder cases and six controls, respectively.Here, we performed a large-scale integrative analysis using MeDIP-seq, coupled with RNA-seq, on brain samples from major psychotic and normal subjects and observed obvious discrepancy between DNA methylation and gene expression. We found that differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were distributed across different types of genomic elements, especially introns. These intronic DMRs were significantly enriched for diverse regulatory elements, such as enhancers and binding sites of certain transcriptional factors (e.g., Pol3). Notably, we found that parts of intronic DMRs overlapped with some intragenic miRNAs, such as hsa-mir-7-3. These intronic DMR-related miRNAs were found to target many differentially expressed genes. Moreover, functional analysis demonstrated that differential target genes of intronic DMR-related miRNAs were sufficient to capture many important biological processes in major psychosis, such as neurogenesis, suggesting that miRNAs may function as important linkers mediating the relationships between DNA methylation alteration and gene expression changes.Collectively, our study indicated that DNA methylation alteration could induce expression changes indirectly by affecting miRNAs and the exploration of DMR-related miRNAs and their targets enhanced understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying major psychosis.

Dataset Information

An eutherian intronic sequence gave rise to a major satellite DNA in Platyrrhini.

Publications

An eutherian intronic sequence gave rise to a major satellite DNA in Platyrrhini.

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