Visceral Adipose Tissue Immune Homeostasis Is Regulated by the Crosstalk between Adipocytes and Dendritic Cell Subsets.

ABSTRACT: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has multiple roles in orchestrating whole-body energy homeostasis. In addition, VAT is now considered an immune site harboring an array of innate and adaptive immune cells with a direct role in immune surveillance and host defense. We report that conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) in VAT acquire a tolerogenic phenotype through upregulation of pathways involved in adipocyte differentiation. While activation of the Wnt/?-catenin pathway in cDC1 DCs induces IL-10 production, upregulation of the PPAR? pathway in cDC2 DCs directly suppresses their activation. Combined, they promote an anti-inflammatory milieu in vivo delaying the onset of obesity-induced chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. Under long-term over-nutrition, changes in adipocyte biology curtail ?-catenin and PPAR? activation, contributing to VAT inflammation.

SUBMITTER: Macdougall CE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5846800 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature