Mutations in the ?-amyloid precursor protein in familial Alzheimer's disease increase A? oligomer production in cellular models.

ABSTRACT: Soluble oligomers of amyloid-? (A?) peptides (A?Os) contribute to neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it currently remains unknown whether an increase in A?Os is the common phenotype in cellular and animal models. Furthermore, it has not yet been established whether experimental studies conducted using models overexpressing mutant genes of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) are suitable for investigating the underlying molecular mechanism of AD. We herein employed the Flp-In™ T-REx™-293 (T-REx 293) cellular system transfected with a single copy of wild-type, Swedish-, Dutch-, or London-type APP, and quantified the levels of A? monomers (A?1-40 and A?1-42) and A?Os using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of extracellular A?Os were significantly higher in Dutch- and London-type APP-transfected cells than in wild-type APP-transfected cells. Increased levels were also observed in Swedish-type APP-transfected cells. On the other hand, intracellular levels of A?Os were unaltered among wild-type and mutant APP-transfected cells. Intracellular levels of A? monomers were undetectable, and no common abnormality was observed in their extracellular levels or ratios (A?1-42/A?1-40) among the cells examined. We herein demonstrated that increased levels of extracellular A?Os are the common phenotype in cellular models harboring different types of APP mutations. Our results suggest that extracellular A?Os play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD.

SUBMITTER: Ohshima Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5857613 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature