Associations of obstructive sleep apnea with truncal skeletal muscle mass and density.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Matsumoto T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5916913 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic respiratory disorder associated with repeated nocturnal partial or complete collapse that is often underdiagnosed and associated with multiple comorbidities. The association between specific features on an electrocardiogram and OSA has not been well studied. This retrospective study attempts to bridge this gap in knowledge.MethodsA total of 265 patients' medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Specific features of their electrocardiograms and their association with the severity of OSA were studied from April 2014 to May 2016. 215 patients were included in the final analysis. Tests of group difference between OSA patients and controls were done using student's t-tests for continuous variables and using chi-square tests for categorical outcomes. Multivariate tests of differences between OSA and control patients were done using logistic regression to control for possible confounding factors.ResultsA total of 215 patients with diagnosed OSA and 41 controls in whom OSA was ruled out using polysomnography were compared. Males were more likely to present with OSA than females (93 % versus 76 %; p < 0.001). OSA patients were also significantly older: 52.18 ± 14.04 versus 44.55 ± 14.64; p = 0.002. Deep S waves in V5-6 (p=0.014) and RS pattern with Deep S waves in leads I and AVF (p=0.017) were both significantly associated with OSA based on univariate comparisons. These findings lost significance in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe idea of using an electrocardiogram in aiding in the assessment of OSA is attractive and feasible, as it is a safe, noninvasive, and cost-effective method. Our results can be used for early risk stratification in patients with OSA.
| S-EPMC6415287 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with metabolic dysregulation and systemic inflammation. This may be due to pathophysiologic effects of OSA on visceral adipose tissue. We sought to assess the transcriptional consequences of OSA on adipocytes by utilizing pathway-focused analyses. Methods: Patients scheduled to undergo ventral hernia repair surgery were recruited to wear a portable home sleep monitor for two nights prior to surgery. Visceral fat biopsies were obtained intra-operatively. RNA was extracted and whole-genome expression profiling was performed. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to identify curated gene sets that were differentially enriched in OSA subjects. Network analysis was applied to a select set of highly enriched pathways. Results: 10 patients with OSA and 8 control subjects were recruited. There were no differences in age, gender, body mass index between the two groups, but the OSA subjects had a significantly higher respiratory disturbance index (19.2 vs. 0.6, P-value 0.05) and worse hypoxemia (minimum oxygen saturation 79.7% vs. 87.8%, P-value < 0.001). GSEA identified a number of gene sets up-regulated in adipose tissue of OSA patients including the pro-inflammatory NF-M-NM-:B pathway and the proteolytic ubiquitin/proteasome module. A critical metabolic pathway, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), was down-regulated in subjects with OSA. Network analysis linked members of these modules together and identified regulatory hubs. Conclusions: OSA is associated with alterations in visceral fat gene expression. Pathway-based network analysis highlighted perturbations in several key pathways whose coordinated interactions may contribute to the metabolic dysregulation observed in this complex disorder. Total RNA from visceral fat of 18 subjects (10 OSA, 8 Control) was hybridized to 18 Affymetrix Genechip Human Gene 1.0 ST microarrays.
2012-09-01 | E-GEOD-38792 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with metabolic dysregulation and systemic inflammation. This may be due to pathophysiologic effects of OSA on visceral adipose tissue. We sought to assess the transcriptional consequences of OSA on adipocytes by utilizing pathway-focused analyses. Methods: Patients scheduled to undergo ventral hernia repair surgery were recruited to wear a portable home sleep monitor for two nights prior to surgery. Visceral fat biopsies were obtained intra-operatively. RNA was extracted and whole-genome expression profiling was performed. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to identify curated gene sets that were differentially enriched in OSA subjects. Network analysis was applied to a select set of highly enriched pathways. Results: 10 patients with OSA and 8 control subjects were recruited. There were no differences in age, gender, body mass index between the two groups, but the OSA subjects had a significantly higher respiratory disturbance index (19.2 vs. 0.6, P-value 0.05) and worse hypoxemia (minimum oxygen saturation 79.7% vs. 87.8%, P-value < 0.001). GSEA identified a number of gene sets up-regulated in adipose tissue of OSA patients including the pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway and the proteolytic ubiquitin/proteasome module. A critical metabolic pathway, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), was down-regulated in subjects with OSA. Network analysis linked members of these modules together and identified regulatory hubs. Conclusions: OSA is associated with alterations in visceral fat gene expression. Pathway-based network analysis highlighted perturbations in several key pathways whose coordinated interactions may contribute to the metabolic dysregulation observed in this complex disorder.
2012-09-01 | GSE38792 | GEO
Project description:Study objectivesHypoxemic effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been implicated in changes in erythropoiesis and hence erythrocyte measures. Sex differences are evident in both OSA and erythropoiesis. Whether sex modulates the relationship between severity of OSA and erythrocyte measures has not previously been studied.MethodsWe examined a sample of 976 patients (38% women) who underwent overnight polysomnography and measurement of red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. Patients were divided into primary snoring and mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups, separately by sex.ResultsIn multiple regression models, we found significant interactions between sex and oxygen desaturation index and apnea-hypopnea index on erythrocyte measures. Higher oxygen desaturation index and higher apnea-hypopnea index were independently associated with higher red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in women but not in men. Further ordinal logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between oxygen desaturation index (odds ratio, 2.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-4.66) and apnea-hypopnea index (odds ratio, 2.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-4.84) and red blood cell count in women only. Correlation analysis also showed that erythrocyte measures and markers of cardiometabolic risk were more closely correlated in women than in men.ConclusionsThis study provides novel data suggesting a significant association between erythrocyte measures and OSA severity in women but not in men. Similarly, the relationship between hematologic metrics and cardiometabolic risk markers was more pronounced in women than in men. Our findings suggest a sex-specific impact of OSA on erythrocyte measures and on their relationship with indexes of cardiometabolic risk.
| S-EPMC7954054 | biostudies-literature
Project description:New and effective strategies are needed to manage the autonomic and cardiovascular sequelae of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We assessed the effect of daily inspiratory muscle strength training (IMT) on sleep and cardiovascular function in adults unable to use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy.This is a placebo-controlled, single-blind study conducted in twenty four adults with mild, moderate, and severe OSA. Subjects were randomly assigned to placebo or inspiratory muscle strength training. Subjects in each group performed 5 min of training each day for 6 w. All subjects underwent overnight polysomnography at intake and again at study close.We evaluated the effects of placebo training or IMT on sleep, blood pressure, and plasma catecholamines. Relative to placebo-trained subjects with OSA, subjects with OSA who performed IMT manifested reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressures (-12.3 ± 1.6 SBP and -5.0 ± 1.3 DBP mmHg; P < 0.01); plasma norepinephrine levels (536.3 ± 56.6 versus 380.6 ± 41.2 pg/mL; P = 0.01); and registered fewer nighttime arousals and reported improved sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores: 9.1 ± 0.9 versus 5.1 ± 0.7; P = 0.001). These favorable outcomes were achieved without affecting apneahypopnea index.The results are consistent with our previously published findings in normotensive adults but further indicate that IMT can modulate blood pressure and plasma catecholamines in subjects with ongoing nighttime apnea and hypoxemia. Accordingly, we suggest IMT offers a low cost, nonpharmacologic means of improving sleep and blood pressure in patients who are intolerant of CPAP.
| S-EPMC4863204 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RationaleObstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and premature mortality. Although there is strong clinical and epidemiologic evidence supporting the importance of genetic factors in influencing obstructive sleep apnea, its genetic basis is still largely unknown. Prior genetic studies focused on traits defined using the apnea-hypopnea index, which contains limited information on potentially important genetically determined physiologic factors, such as propensity for hypoxemia and respiratory arousability.ObjectivesTo define novel obstructive sleep apnea genetic risk loci for obstructive sleep apnea, we conducted genome-wide association studies of quantitative traits in Hispanic/Latino Americans from three cohorts.MethodsGenome-wide data from as many as 12,558 participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and Starr County Health Studies population-based cohorts were metaanalyzed for association with the apnea-hypopnea index, average oxygen saturation during sleep, and average respiratory event duration.Measurements and main resultsTwo novel loci were identified at genome-level significance (rs11691765, GPR83, P = 1.90 × 10-8 for the apnea-hypopnea index, and rs35424364; C6ORF183/CCDC162P, P = 4.88 × 10-8 for respiratory event duration) and seven additional loci were identified with suggestive significance (P < 5 × 10-7). Secondary sex-stratified analyses also identified one significant and several suggestive associations. Multiple loci overlapped genes with biologic plausibility.ConclusionsThese are the first genome-level significant findings reported for obstructive sleep apnea-related physiologic traits in any population. These findings identify novel associations in inflammatory, hypoxia signaling, and sleep pathways.
| S-EPMC5074655 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a frequent respiratory disorder with an estimated prevalence of 3–6% in the general population. However, the underlying pathophysiology of OSA remains unclear. Recently, proteomic analysis using high-resolution and high-throughput mass spectrometry has been widely used in the field of medical sciences. In the present study, tandem mass tags (TMT)-based proteomic analysis was performed in the serum of patients with OSA.
2022-05-20 | PXD032734 | Pride
Project description:Study objectivesObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with significant alterations in neuronal integrity resulting from either hypoxemia and/or sleep loss. A large body of imaging research supports reductions in gray matter volume, alterations in white matter integrity and resting state activity, and functional abnormalities in response to cognitive challenge in various brain regions in patients with OSA. In this study, we used high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG), a functional imaging tool that could potentially be used during routine clinical care, to examine the regional distribution of neural activity in a non-clinical sample of untreated men and women with moderate/severe OSA.DesignSleep was recorded with 256-channel EEG in relatively healthy subjects with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 10, as well as age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched controls selected from a research population initially recruited for a study on sleep and meditation.SettingSleep laboratory.Patients or participantsNine subjects with AHI > 10 and nine matched controls.InterventionsN/A.Measurements and resultsTopographic analysis of hdEEG data revealed a broadband reduction in EEG power in a circumscribed region overlying the parietal cortex in OSA subjects. This parietal reduction in neural activity was present, to some extent, across all frequency bands in all stages and episodes of nonrapid eye movement sleep.ConclusionThis investigation suggests that regional deficits in electroencephalography (EEG) power generation may be a useful clinical marker for neural disruption in obstructive sleep apnea, and that high-density EEG may have the sensitivity to detect pathological cortical changes early in the disease process.
| S-EPMC3900624 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly observed in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Hormonal disorders observed in OSA may be relevant in the development of GERD. The aim of the study was to assess the correlations between ghrelin, obestatin, leptin, and the intensity of GERD in patients with OSA. The study included 58 patients hospitalized due to clinical suspicion of sleep disorders during sleep. All patients underwent a sleep study, and blood samples were collected overnight for hormonal tests. Survey data concerning symptoms of GERD, gastroscopy, and esophageal pH monitoring results were included in the study. In patients with OSA, GERD was twice as common when compared to the group without OSA. Among subjects with severe sleep apnea (AHI > 30; n = 31; 53%), we observed lower ghrelin levels, especially in the second half of the night and in the morning (p5.00 = 0.0207; p7.00 = 0.0344); the presence of OSA had no effect on obestatin and leptin levels. No significant differences in hormonal levels were observed between the groups depending on the diagnosis of GERD. However, correlations of ghrelin levels with the severity of esophagitis, leptin and ghrelin levels with the severity of GERD symptoms, and leptin levels with lower esophageal pH were found. GERD is more frequent among patients with OSA. In both GERD and OSA, deviations were observed in the levels of ghrelin and leptin. However, our analysis demonstrates that the relationship between OSA and GERD does not result from these disorders.
| S-EPMC8584398 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe growing awareness for the high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) coupled with the dramatic proportion of undiagnosed individuals motivates the elaboration of a simple but accurate screening test. This study assesses, for the first time, the performance of oximetry combined with demographic information as a screening tool for identifying OSA in a representative (i.e. non-referred) population sample.MethodsA polysomnography (PSG) clinical database of 887 individuals from a representative population sample of São Paulo's city (Brazil) was used. Using features derived from the oxygen saturation signal during sleep periods and demographic information, a logistic regression model (termed OxyDOSA) was trained to distinguish between non-OSA and OSA individuals (mild, moderate, and severe). The OxyDOSA model performance was assessed against the PSG-based diagnosis of OSA (AASM 2017) and compared to the NoSAS and STOP-BANG questionnaires.FindingsThe OxyDOSA model had mean AUROC = 0.94 ± 0.02, Se = 0.87 ± 0.04 and Sp = 0.85 ± 0.03. In particular, it did not miss any of the 75 severe OSA individuals. In comparison, the NoSAS questionnaire had AUROC = 0.83 ± 0.03, and missed 23/75 severe OSA individuals. The STOP-BANG had AUROC = 0.77 ± 0.04 and missed 14/75 severe OSA individuals.InterpretationWe provide strong evidence on a representative population sample that oximetry biomarkers combined with few demographic information, the OxyDOSA model, is an effective screening tool for OSA. Our results suggest that sleep questionnaires should be used with caution for OSA screening as they fail to identify many moderate and even some severe cases. The OxyDOSA model will need to be further validated on data recorded using overnight portable oximetry.
| S-EPMC6611093 | biostudies-literature