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Performance boost for primary magnesium cells using iron complexing agents as electrolyte additives.

ABSTRACT: Aqueous Mg battery technology holds significant appeal, owing to the availability of raw materials, high power densities and the possibility of fast mechanical recharge. However, Mg batteries have so far been prone to decreased capacity due to self-corrosion of the anodes from the electrochemical redeposition of impurities, such as Fe, which results in parasitic cathodically active sites on the discharging anode. This work demonstrates that by adding Fe3+-complexing agents like Tiron or salicylate to the aqueous electrolyte of an Mg battery, it was possible to prevent the redeposition of Fe impurities and subsequent self-corrosion of the anode surface, thereby boosting battery performance. To prevent detrimental fouling of anode surface by Mg(OH)2, employed Fe3+-complexing agents must also form soluble complexes with Mg2+ of moderate stability. The interplay of these requirements predetermines the improvement of operating voltage and utilization efficiency.

SUBMITTER: Hoche D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5953936 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Copper (Cu)(II) ions, mainly an excess amount, play a negative role in the course of several diseases, like cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and the so-called Wilson disease. On the contrary, Cu(II) ions are also capable of improving anticancer drug efficiency. For this reason, it is of great interest to study the interacting ability of Cu(II)-nanodrug and Cu(II)-nanocarrier complexes with cell membranes for their potential use as nanotherapeutics. In this study, the complex interaction between 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-functionalized poly(propyleneimine) (PPI) glycodendrimers and Cu(II) ions and/or neutral and anionic lipid membrane models using different liposomes is described. These interactions were investigated via dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ-potential (ZP), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), fluorescence anisotropy, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Structural and dynamic information about the PPI glycodendrimer and its Cu(II) complexes toward liposomes was obtained via EPR. At the binding site Cu-N2O2 coordination prevails, while at the external interface, this coordination partially weakens due to competitive dendrimer-liposome interactions, with only small liposome structural perturbation. Fluorescence anisotropy was used to evaluate the membrane fluidity of both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the lipid bilayer, while DLS and ZP allowed us to determine the distribution profile of the nanoparticle (PPI glycodendrimer and liposomes) size and surface charge, respectively. From this multitechnique approach, it is deduced that DOTA-PPI glycodendrimers selectively extract Cu(II) ions from the bioenvironment, while these complexes interact with the liposome surface, preferentially with even more negatively charged liposomes. However, these complexes are not able to cross the cell membrane model and poorly perturb the membrane structure, showing their potential for biomedical use.

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Performance boost for primary magnesium cells using iron complexing agents as electrolyte additives.

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