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Living functional hydrogels generated by bioorthogonal cross-linking reactions of azide-modified cells with alkyne-modified polymers.

ABSTRACT: To date, many scientists have thoroughly investigated both cells and cellular functions, resulting in the identification of numerous molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular functions. Based on these findings, medical scientists and pharmacologists have developed many technological applications for cells and cellular functions in medicine. How can material scientists utilize cells and cellular functions? Here, we show a concept for utilizing cells and their functions from the viewpoint of materials science. In particular, we develop cell cross-linked living bulk hydrogels by bioorthogonal click cross-linking reactions of azide-modified mammalian cells with alkyne-modified biocompatible polymers. Importantly, we demonstrate the unique functionalities of the living hydrogels, originating from the basic functions of the cells incorporated in the living hydrogels as active cross-linking points. The findings of this study provide a promising route to generating living cell-based next-generation innovative materials, technologies, and medicines.

SUBMITTER: Nagahama K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5989231 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Living functional hydrogels generated by bioorthogonal cross-linking reactions of azide-modified cells with alkyne-modified polymers.

Nagahama Koji K Kimura Yuuka Y Takemoto Ayaka A

Nature communications 20180606 1

To date, many scientists have thoroughly investigated both cells and cellular functions, resulting in the identification of numerous molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular functions. Based on these findings, medical scientists and pharmacologists have developed many technological applications for cells and cellular functions in medicine. How can material scientists utilize cells and cellular functions? Here, we show a concept for utilizing cells and their functions from the viewpoint of ma ...[more]

PMID: 29875358

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Project description:The synthesis of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) modified with azide groups, the cross linkage by nitrene reaction and their performance as gas separation membranes are reported. The azide modification of the spirobisindane units in the polymer backbone was done by post functionalization of methylated spirobisindane containing polymers. These polymers differ in distribution and concentration of the azide group containing spirobisindane units by applying perfectly alternating and randomly distributed copolymers along the polymer chains. To investigate the influence of concentration of the azide groups, additionally the homopolymer of methylated spirobisindane was synthesized and subjected to identical treatments and characterizations as both copolymers. Cross linkage by nitrene reaction was examined by different temperature treatments at 150, 200, 250 and 300 °C. Characterization of the new polymers was performed by NMR, SEC and FT-IR. Furthermore, the crosslinking process was investigated by means of solid state NMR, TGA-FTIR, DSC and isoconversional kinetic analysis performed with TGA. Gas permeability of CO2, N2, CH4, H2 and O2 was determined by time lag experiments and ideal selectivities for several gas pairs were calculated. The two azide groups per repeating unit degrade during thermal treatments by release of nitrogen and form mechanically stable PIM networks, leading to an increase in gas permeability while selectivity remained nearly constant. Measured diffusivity and solubility coefficients revealed differences in the formation of free volume elements depending on distribution and concentration of the azide groups. Aging studies over about five months were performed and physical aging rates (?P) were evaluated with regard to the concentration and distribution of curable azide functionalities. Subsequently, the enhanced sieving effect during aging resulted in membrane materials that surpassed the Robeson upper bound in selected gas pairs.

Dataset Information

Living functional hydrogels generated by bioorthogonal cross-linking reactions of azide-modified cells with alkyne-modified polymers.

Publications

Living functional hydrogels generated by bioorthogonal cross-linking reactions of azide-modified cells with alkyne-modified polymers.

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