Sarcoptic mange in wild quichua porcupines (Coendou quichua Thomas, 1899) in Colombia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Gonzalez-Astudillo V
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6032029 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Sarcoptic mange in wild quichua porcupines (<i>Coendou quichua</i> Thomas, 1899) in Colombia.
Gonzalez-Astudillo Viviana V Leon-Alvarado Omar D OD Ossa-Lopez Paula Andrea PA Rivera-Paez Fredy Arvey FA Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E HE
International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife 20180215 1
The Quichua porcupine (<i>Coendou quichua</i>) is a neotropical rodent with uncertain taxonomic and conservation status. Two Quichua porcupines with severe hyperkeratosis and alopecia were found in the Magdalena River Basin of Colombia. <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>, the mite causing mange, a disease carried mainly by domestic animals, was confirmed via parasitological and molecular methods. This is the first report of mange in neotropical porcupines to date. The population-level impact of mange in < ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundSarcoptic mange is a globally distributed parasitic disease caused by the burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei. This mite has a certain degree of host specificity, although interspecific transmission can occur among phylogenetically related species or through prey-predator mediated exposure. In 2018, a wild boar (Sus scrofa) with lesions compatible with sarcoptic mange was hunted in Ports de Tortosa i Beseit Natural Park (PTB, north-eastern Spain), where an active epizootic outbreak of sarcoptic mange is affecting Iberian ibexes (Capra pyrenaica) since 2014.MethodsA complete necropsy, skin scrapings and skin digestions with hydroxide potassium were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Routine histopathological analysis, toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry were used to characterize the lesions and the inflammatory infiltrate. Finally, 10 specific S. scabiei microsatellites were molecularly genotyped through polymerase chain reactions in mites obtained from the affected wild boar. For phylogenetic comparison, mites obtained from sympatric Iberian ibexes and allopatric wild boars and Iberian ibexes from southern Spain were analysed.ResultsSarcoptes scabiei was visually and molecularly identified in the infested wild boar from PTB, causing skin lesions with dermal inflammatory infiltrate rich in T and B cells, which indicate an adaptive immune response. Three S. scabiei genetic clusters were identified: one included mites from southern Iberian ibexes, another included mites from southern wild boars, and a third one distinctively grouped the wild boar from PTB with the sympatric ibexes.ConclusionsTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of sarcoptic mange in wild boar in Spain and the first documented case of S. scabiei cross-transmission from a wild ruminant host to a wild boar. The wild boar presented an ordinary scabies type reaction, which is typical of the self-limiting infestations reported in other cases of interspecific transmission.
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