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Regulating the South African sport supplement industry: 'Whey' overdue.

ABSTRACT: The South African sport supplement industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years. Despite the massive market demand, this industry remains poorly regulated. From raw ingredient contamination to label compliance discrepancies, the sport supplement industry is an area of growing concern and warrants further public debate.

SUBMITTER: Naidoo K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6050020 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Regulating the South African sport supplement industry: 'Whey' overdue.

Naidoo K K Naidoo R R Bangalee V V

South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde 20180227 3

The South African sport supplement industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years. Despite the massive market demand, this industry remains poorly regulated. From raw ingredient contamination to label compliance discrepancies, the sport supplement industry is an area of growing concern and warrants further public debate. ...[more]

PMID: 30004356

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Project description:BackgroundProtein supplementation has been suggested to augment endurance training adaptations by increasing mixed muscle and myofibrillar protein synthesis and lean body mass. However, a potential beneficial effect on mitochondrial adaptations is yet to be clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of consuming whey protein hydrolysate before and whey protein hydrolysate plus carbohydrate (PRO-CHO) after each exercise session during a six-week training period compared to similarly timed intake of isocaloric CHO supplements on biomarkers of mitochondrial biogenesis, VO2max and performance in trained runners.MethodsTwenty-four trained runners (VO2max 60.7 ± 3.7 ml O2 kg- 1 min1) completed a six-week block randomized controlled intervention period, consisting of progressive running training. Subjects were randomly assigned to either PRO-CHO or CHO and matched in pairs for gender, age, VO2max, training and performance status. The PRO-CHO group ingested a protein beverage (0.3 g kg- 1) before and protein-carbohydrate beverage (0.3 g protein kg- 1 and 1 g carbohydrate kg- 1) after each exercise session. The CHO group ingested an energy matched carbohydrate beverage. Resting muscle biopsies obtained pre and post intervention were analyzed for mitochondrial specific enzyme activity and mitochondrial protein content. Subjects completed a 6 K time trial (6 K TT) and a VO2max test pre, midway (only 6 K TT) and post intervention.ResultsFollowing six weeks of endurance training Cytochrome C (Cyt C) protein content was significantly higher in the PRO-CHO group compared to the CHO group (p < 0.05), with several other mitochondrial proteins (Succinate dehydrogenase (SDHA), Cytochrome C oxidase (COX-IV), Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), and Prohibitin (PHB1)) following a similar, but non-significant pattern (p = 0.07-0.14). β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activity was significantly lower after training in the CHO group (p < 0.01), but not in the PRO-CHO group (p = 0.24). VO2max and 6 K TT was significantly improved after training with no significant difference between groups.ConclusionIntake of whey PRO hydrolysate before and whey PRO hydrolysate plus CHO after each exercise session during a six-week endurance training period may augment training effects on specific mitochondrial proteins compared to intake of iso-caloric CHO but does not alter VO2max or 6 K TT performance.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov , NCT03561337 . Registered 6 June 2018 - Retrospectively registered.

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Regulating the South African sport supplement industry: 'Whey' overdue.

Publications

Regulating the South African sport supplement industry: 'Whey' overdue.

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