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Modeling individual exposures to ambient PM2.5 in the diabetes and the environment panel study (DEPS).

ABSTRACT: Air pollution epidemiology studies of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) often use outdoor concentrations as exposure surrogates, which can induce exposure error. The goal of this study was to improve ambient PM2.5 exposure assessments for a repeated measurements study with 22 diabetic individuals in central North Carolina called the Diabetes and Environment Panel Study (DEPS) by applying the Exposure Model for Individuals (EMI), which predicts five tiers of individual-level exposure metrics for ambient PM2.5 using outdoor concentrations, questionnaires, weather, and time-location information. Using EMI, we linked a mechanistic air exchange rate (AER) model to a mass-balance PM2.5 infiltration model to predict residential AER (Tier 1), infiltration factors (Finf_home, Tier 2), indoor concentrations (Cin, Tier 3), personal exposure factors (Fpex, Tier 4), and personal exposures (E, Tier 5) for ambient PM2.5. We applied EMI to predict daily PM2.5 exposure metrics (Tiers 1-5) for 174 participant-days across the 13?months of DEPS. Individual model predictions were compared to a subset of daily measurements of Fpex and E (Tiers 4-5) from the DEPS participants. Model-predicted Fpex and E corresponded well to daily measurements with a median difference of 14% and 23%; respectively. Daily model predictions for all 174?days showed considerable temporal and house-to-house variability of AER, Finf_home, and Cin (Tiers 1-3), and person-to-person variability of Fpex and E (Tiers 4-5). Our study demonstrates the capability of predicting individual-level ambient PM2.5 exposure metrics for an epidemiological study, in support of improving risk estimation.

SUBMITTER: Breen M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6147059 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modeling individual exposures to ambient PM2.5 in the diabetes and the environment panel study (DEPS).

Breen Michael M Xu Yadong Y Schneider Alexandra A Williams Ronald R Devlin Robert R

The Science of the total environment 20180219

Air pollution epidemiology studies of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) often use outdoor concentrations as exposure surrogates, which can induce exposure error. The goal of this study was to improve ambient PM2.5 exposure assessments for a repeated measurements study with 22 diabetic individuals in central North Carolina called the Diabetes and Environment Panel Study (DEPS) by applying the Exposure Model for Individuals (EMI), which predicts five tiers of individual ...[more]

PMID: 29396342

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Project description:BackgroundFew studies examining the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and mortality have considered multiple pollutants when assessing changes in exposure due to residential mobility during follow-up.ObjectiveWe investigated associations between cause-specific mortality and ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (? 2.5 ?m; PM2.5), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a national cohort of about 2.5 million Canadians.MethodsWe assigned estimates of annual concentrations of these pollutants to the residential postal codes of subjects for each year during 16 years of follow-up. Historical tax data allowed us to track subjects' residential postal code annually. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for each pollutant separately and adjusted for the other pollutants. We also estimated the product of the three HRs as a measure of the cumulative association with mortality for several causes of death for an increment of the mean minus the 5th percentile of each pollutant: 5.0 ?g/m3 for PM2.5, 9.5 ppb for O3, and 8.1 ppb for NO2.ResultsPM2.5, O3, and NO2 were associated with nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in single-pollutant models. Exposure to PM2.5 alone was not sufficient to fully characterize the toxicity of the atmospheric mix or to fully explain the risk of mortality associated with exposure to ambient pollution. Assuming additive associations, the estimated HR for nonaccidental mortality corresponding to a change in exposure from the mean to the 5th percentile for all three pollutants together was 1.075 (95% CI: 1.067, 1.084). Accounting for residential mobility had only a limited impact on the association between mortality and PM2.5 and O3, but increased associations with NO2.ConclusionsIn this large, national-level cohort, we found positive associations between several common causes of death and exposure to PM2.5, O3, and NO2.CitationCrouse DL, Peters PA, Hystad P, Brook JR, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Villeneuve PJ, Jerrett M, Goldberg MS, Pope CA III, Brauer M, Brook RD, Robichaud A, Menard R, Burnett RT. 2015. Ambient PM2.5, O3, and NO2 exposures and associations with mortality over 16 years of follow-up in the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC). Environ Health Perspect 123:1180-1186; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409276.

Project description:BackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that individuals with glucose metabolism disorders are susceptible to mortality associated with fine particles. However, the mechanisms remain largely unknown.ObjectivesWe examined whether particle-associated respiratory inflammation differed between individuals with prediabetes and healthy control participants.MethodsBased on a panel study [A prospective Study COmparing the cardiometabolic and respiratory effects of air Pollution Exposure on healthy and prediabetic individuals (SCOPE)] conducted in Beijing between August 2013 and February 2015, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured from 112 participants at two to seven visits to indicate respiratory inflammation. Particulate pollutants-including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ?2.5?m (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), ultrafine particles (UFPs), and accumulated-mode particles-were monitored continuously at a single central monitoring site. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate associations between ln-FeNO with pollutant concentrations at individual 1-h lags (up to 24 h) and with average concentrations at 8 and 24 h before the clinical visit. We evaluated glucose metabolism disorders as a potential modifier by comparing associations between participants with high vs. low average fasting blood glucose (FBG) and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels.ResultsFeNO was positively associated with all pollutants, with the strongest associations for an interquartile range increase in 1-h lagged exposures (ranging from 21.3% for PM2.5 to 74.7% for BC). Associations differed significantly according to average HOMA-IR values when lagged 6-18 h for PM2.5, 15-19 h for BC, and 6-15 h for UFPs, with positive associations among those with HOMA-IR?1.6 while associations were closer to the null or inverse among those with HOMA-IR<1.6. Associations between PM2.5 and FeNO were consistently higher among individuals with average FBG?6.1?mmol/L vs. low FBG, with significant differences for multiple hourly lags.DiscussionGlucose metabolism disorders may aggravate respiratory inflammation following exposure to ambient particulate matter. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4906.

Project description:Rationalepopulation-based studies have demonstrated associations between ambient air pollution exposures and mortality, but few have been able to adjust for occupational exposures. Additionally, two studies have observed higher risks in individuals with occupational dust, gas, or fume exposure.Objectiveswe examined the association of ambient residential exposure to particulate matter less than 10 microm in diameter (PM(10)), particulate matter less than 2.5 microm in diameter (PM(2.5)), NO(2), SO(2), and mortality in 53,814 men in the U.S. trucking industry.Methodsexposures for PM(10), NO(2), and SO(2) at each residential address were assigned using models combining spatial smoothing and geographic covariates. PM(2.5) exposures in 2000 were assigned from the nearest available monitor. Single and multipollutant Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of an interquartile range (IQR) change (6 microg/m(3) for PM(10), 4 microg/m(3) for PM(2.5), 4ppb for SO(2), and 8ppb for NO(2)) and the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality.Measurements and main resultsan IQR change in ambient residential exposures to PM(10) was associated with a 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-7.7%) increased risk of all-cause mortality. The increase for an IQR change in SO(2) was 6.9% (95% CI, 2.3-11.6%), for NO(2) was 8.2% (95% CI, 4.5-12.1%), and for PM(2.5) was 3.9% (95% CI, 1.0-6.9%). Elevated associations with cause-specific mortality (lung cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory disease) were observed for PM(2.5), SO(2), and NO(2), but not PM(10). None of the pollutants were confounded by occupational exposures. In multipollutant models, overall, the associations were attenuated, most strongly for PM(10). In sensitivity analyses excluding long-haul drivers, who spend days away from home, larger hazard ratios were observed.Conclusionsin this population of men, residential ambient air pollution exposures were associated with mortality.

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Modeling individual exposures to ambient PM2.5 in the diabetes and the environment panel study (DEPS).

Publications

Modeling individual exposures to ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the diabetes and the environment panel study (DEPS).

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