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Solution-Deposited Solid-State Electrochromic Windows.

ABSTRACT: Commercially available electrochromic (EC) windows are based on solid-state devices in which WO3 and NiOx films commonly serve as the EC and counter electrode layers, respectively. These metal oxide layers are typically physically deposited under vacuum, a time- and capital-intensive process when using rigid substrates. Herein we report a facile solution deposition method for producing amorphous WO3 and NiOx layers that prove to be effective materials for a solid-state EC device. The full device containing these solution-processed layers demonstrates performance metrics that meet or exceed the benchmark set by devices containing physically deposited layers of the same compositions. The superior EC performance measured for our devices is attributed to the amorphous nature of the NiOx produced by the solution-based photodeposition method, which yields a more effective ion storage counter electrode relative to the crystalline NiOx layers that are more widely used. This versatile method yields a distinctive approach for constructing EC windows.

SUBMITTER: Cheng W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6277218 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Solution-Deposited Solid-State Electrochromic Windows.

Cheng Wei W Moreno-Gonzalez Marta M Hu Ke K Krzyszkowski Caroline C Dvorak David J DJ Weekes David M DM Tam Brian B Berlinguette Curtis P CP

iScience 20181110

Commercially available electrochromic (EC) windows are based on solid-state devices in which WO3 and NiOx films commonly serve as the EC and counter electrode layers, respectively. These metal oxide layers are typically physically deposited under vacuum, a time- and capital-intensive process when using rigid substrates. Herein we report a facile solution deposition method for producing amorphous WO3 and NiOx layers that prove to be effective materials ...[more]

PMID: 30508720

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Project description:In this work, a series of γ-substituted diphenylnaphthalonitriles were synthesized and characterized. They show efficient emission in solution and in the aggregated state and their environment responsiveness is based on having variable substituents at the para-position of the two phenyl moieties. The excited state properties were fully investigated in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solutions and in THF/H2O mixtures. The size of the aggregates in aqueous media were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy studies revealed that all the molecules show intense fluorescence both in solution and in the aggregated state. In THF solutions, a blue emission was observed for the unsubstituted (H), methyl- (Me) and tert-butyl- (t-Bu) substituted γ-diphenylnaphthalonitriles, which can be attributed to a weak π-donor capability of these groups. On the other hand, the methoxy- (OMe), methylsulfanyl- (SMe) and dimethylamino- (NMe2) substituted compounds exhibit a progressive red-shift in emission compared to H, Me and t-Bu due to a growing π-electron donating capability. Interestingly, upon aggregation in water-containing media, H, Me and t-Bu show a slight red-shift of the emission and a blue-shift is observed for OMe, SMe and NMe2. The crystal structure of Me allowed a detailed discussion of the structure-property relationship. Clearly, N-containing substituents such as NMe2 possess more electron-donating ability than the S-based moieties such as SMe. Moreover, it was found that NMe2 showed higher luminescence quantum yields (ΦF) in comparison to SMe, indicating that N-substituted groups could enhance the fluorescence intensity. Therefore, the π-donor nature of the substituents on the phenyl ring constitutes the main parameter that influences the photophysical properties, such as excited state lifetimes and photoluminescence quantum yields. Hence, a series of highly luminescent materials from deep blue to red emission depending on substitution and environment is reported with potential applications in sensing, bioimaging and optoelectronics.

Dataset Information

Solution-Deposited Solid-State Electrochromic Windows.

Publications

Solution-Deposited Solid-State Electrochromic Windows.

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